Título del artículo:

Microsporogenesis and ultrastructure of pollen grains in Rubus glaucus (Rosaceae)

Introduction: Studies on the microsporogenesis of Rubus glaucus are non-existent and little is known about the ultrastructure of the pollen grains. Objectives: To describe the microsporogenesis process, and ultrastructural aspects of the pollen grains in Rubus glaucus. Methods: Flowers at different developmental stages were embedded in paraffin. Sections were stained with Safranin-Alcian Blue, PAS-Amidoblack and Lacmoid or included in resin and stained with toluidine blue. Ultrathin sections were examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). For scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation, the material was fixed and dehydrated in 2.2 dimethoxypropane, then with Hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS), and the samples were coated with gold. Results: Anthers are differentiated by a cellular mass at the ends distal to the staminal filaments. During development, the anther wall presents several cellular layers and at maturity, they are reduced to the epidermis and the endothecium. Microsporocytes undergo simultaneous meiosis and form tetrahedral tetrads. The tapetum develops secretory activity until pollen grains are released, then the cellular content undergoes autolysis. During sporodermis formation, the exine is first deposited and then the intine in a centripetal form. The pollen grains are tricolporate, isopolar, oblate to peroblate, with radial simetry, circular in outline with blunt apices in polar view, ellipsoidal in equatorial view. The exine is thick, tectated, striate perforate. The sporodermis presents an ectexine formed by a tectum interrupted by perforations and thick columellae. Colpus membrane presents small exine granules and orbicules on the surface. The intine develops known structural patterns. Pollenkitt is inconspicuous. Conclusion: Anthers structure and development follows the known patterns of angiosperms. Simultaneous microsporogenesis and centripetal deposition of the sporodermis, as well as ornamentation patterns, have been previously described for the Rosaceae Family.

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Revista de Biologia Tropical

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Cryptococcal Meningitis in an HCV-Positive and IVDU-and HIV-Negative Patient: A Case Report and Literature Review

Background: Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a central nervous system (CNS) infection that occurs mainly in immunocompromised individuals such as those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. However, the prevalence of CM in immunocompetent patients has increased. Although CM has been reported in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, it has not yet been fully established whether there is an association between both conditions. CM has also been reported in patients with intravenous drug use (IVDU), which is related to the immunosuppression caused by these drugs. Case Presentation: We report the case of a 24-year-old man who presented with meningitis secondary to Cryptococcus gattii infection. He had a history of IVDU and HCV infection, was HIV-negative and without antiviral treatment. The patient received adequate antifungal treatment during induction, consolidation, and maintenance phases. His condition relapsed, requiring dose adjustment, with an excellent response during clinical follow-up for both meningitis and HCV infection. A brain biopsy was requested during relapse to rule out other co-infection. Conclusion: The case of an individual diagnosed with cryptococcal meningitis, who had a history of IVDU and HCV infection, is presented. The coexistence of such events could shadow the prognosis of this group of subjects, related to immunosuppression that can be caused through different pathways. Having HCV and being a IVDU simultaneously could increase the risk of Cryptococcus infection.

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International Medical Case Reports Journal

Título del artículo:

Communication with Health Personnel and Human Rights: A Perspective from People with Mental Disorders

Mental health care has focused on participation, which, in addition to improving recovery processes, constitutes a tool to defend the human rights of people with mental disorders. For this participation, communication is a fundamental element. The objective of the present research was to analyzed the perception of the human rights and communication with healthcare personnel in care processes, from leaders of mutual aid groups or support groups in various contexts of Colombia. It is expected that the generated information can contribute to the evaluation of the quality of mental health services from a human rights and health participation perspective, in contexts similar to the one being analyzed. A qualitative approach has been used, which takes information from six leaders of support groups for mental health, in four regions of Colombia. Said information was analyzed through a thematic analysis, contrasting with the vision of the researchers and with the current theory. It is found that the subject of communication was made up of categories such as Previous ineffective treatments and Perception of a violation of dignity. Communication barriers are pointed out, such as attitudes of mental health professionals, but the influence that the health system and social and political barriers can have on the same communication is recognized. From the perception of leaders of mental health support groups, it is concluded that it is necessary to improve aspects of communication in health personnel. In addition, clinical mental health care could also be a space for the promotion of human rights.

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Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Mental Health

Título del artículo:

Changes in ruminal fermentation and rumen bacteria population in feedlot cattle during a high lipid diet adaptation

This study aimed to investigate changes in feed intake and ruminal environmental parameters during a high-lipid diet transition in cattle. Eight Nellore steers were fed a control diet composed of 30% hay and 70% concentrate for 21 days, followed by the inclusion of 60 g/kg dry matter of soybean oil for 21 days. The DM intake expressed as a percentage of BW 21 days after lipid inclusion was lower (1.75% BW) than that observed during the control diet feeding (1.81% BW) (P<0.01). Steers fed the control diet had a lower pH than the ruminal pH recorded on days 7, 14, and 21 after lipid inclusion (P=0.034). Lower total short-chain fatty acid production in the rumen and lower microbial nitrogen synthesis were observed on day 7 after lipid inclusion compared to values found when steers were fed the control diet and on days 14 and 21 after lipid inclusion (P=0.041). Lipid inclusion in the diet decreased the population of protozoa on days 7, 14, and 21 (P<0.001). The abundances of R. albus and F. succinogenes were higher when steers were fed the control diet than the abundance observed on days 7, 14, and 21 after lipid inclusion in the diet (P<0.05). The first seven days of lipid diet inclusion are considered the most critical for ruminal adaptation, involving reductions in fibrolytic bacteria and changes in fermentation parameters. After 14 days the rumen showed signs of recovery and adaptation.

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Animal Science Papers and Reports

Título del artículo:

Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea), honeybees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) of three vegetable covers on Convención, Norte de Santander, Colombia

Objective: To report the butterflies, honeybees and dung beetles of three vegetable covers on Convencion (Norte de Santander, Colombia). Scope: Introduce a list of species of butterflies, honeybees and dung beetles of study zone. Methodology: butterflies were collected using entomological nets and Van Someren-Rydon traps baited with a mixture of fermented fruit. For the collection of bees, carpotraps with essences (eucalyptol and methyl salicylate) and active collection with entomological nets on flowers were used. The dung beetles were collected using pitfall traps baited with a mixture of pig manure and human dung. Main results: A total of 262 butterflies belonging to 78 species were collected, the most abundant were Hermeuptychia hermes (23), Abaeis albula (17) and Pyrisitia venusta (14); 261 bees belonging to 21 species were collected, being Eulaema flavescens (47) and Euglossa aff. iopyrrha (36) the most abundant; and 1735 dung beetles belonging to 24 species were collected. Conclusions: The butterflies collected correspond to widely distributed species and most are typical of open and fragmented areas. About bees, some recorded species of Euglossa and Eulaema often to frequent both conserved areas and disturbed areas, but the abundance decrease according to the plant cover. Regarding dung beetles collect, which less than half were found in the three covers, showing their tolerance to different degrees of intervention. These data become an important contribution to an unexplored area.

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Boletin Cientifico del Centro de Museos

Título del artículo:

Varicella pneumonia in an immunocompetent adult patient: Case report and review of the literature

Varicella is a childhood disease characterized by its self-limiting and benign nature. However, it can also affect the adult population due to risk factors, leading to infection with numerous complications involving the central nervous system, kidneys, respiratory system, and skin. Varicella pneumonia, one of the most feared complications in adults, occurs in approximately 1 out of 400 patients with the disease. This complication primarily affects male patients with a history of heavy smoking and immunosuppression, either due to an underlying disease such as HIV and cancer, drug use, pregnancy or pulmonary disease. It is recommended that this complication should be treated with intravenous acyclovir at a dose of 10 mg/kg/8 hours. The prognosis depends on the development of respiratory failure; up to 50 % of patients with this complication require invasive mechanical ventilation. Here, we report the clinical case of an immunocompetent patient with a typical presentation of varicella that rapidly progressed to a respiratory infection requiring antiviral treatment and invasive mechanical ventilation.

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Respiratory Medicine Case Reports

Título del artículo:

Scaling Scientific Knowledge Discovery with Neuro-Symbolic AI and Large Language Models

The increasing amount of available research data leads to the need to scale scientific knowledge discovery, e.g., the conduction of systematic literature reviews (SLRs), to keep up with fast developments in research and further support decision-making in the industry.AI-based methods are gaining importance in these tasks and have been integrated into many SLR tools.Yet, several challenges are still open on applying especially neural methods on scientific knowledge discovery tasks.To address this, we evaluate various neural and neuro-symbolic scenarios on a specific generative writing task.While confirming existing concerns on pure Large Language Model (LLM) approaches for these tasks, we obtain a heterogeneous picture of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) approaches.The most promising candidate is a Knowledge Graph (KG) based context-enhanced LLM approach for Knowledge Discovery.

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CEUR Workshop Proceedings

Título del artículo:

Impact of COVID-19 on Mental Health in Latin America

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Revista del Hospital Psiquiatrico de la Habana

Título del artículo:

Evolution and Trends in Digital Skills and Graduate Employability: Bibliometric Analysis

In today\'s digital age, acquiring digital skills is critical to success in the labour market, highlighting the urgency for educational institutions to integrate these skills into their academic programmes. Although the importance of this issue is recognised, a comprehensive assessment that merges quantitative and qualitative analyses on the subject is still lacking. Responding to this need, this study analyzes the scientific production on digital skills and employability of graduates, through a bibliometric analysis of publications in Scopus from 2015 to 2023. 24 relevant documents were identified, with Europe leading in scientific production and 2022 as the most productive year. Torres-Corona stands out as the most cited author, illustrating his influence in the field. The predominant topics focus on higher education, methodology and evaluation, professional challenges and the practical application of digital skills. These results underline the importance of evolving educational strategies to meet the demands of the digital labour market, providing key perspectives for future research and educational policy development.

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Proceedings of the LACCEI international Multi-conference for Engineering, Education and Technology

Título del artículo:

Factors associated with anxious and depressive symptomatology and religiosity in breast cancer patients

Objective: To explore the association of clinical and demographic factors with anxious and depressive symptoms and religiosity in patients diagnosed with breast cancer undergoing initial chemotherapy treatment. Methods: Observational, analytical, and cross-sectional study. There was the participation of 42 women undergoing chemotherapy treatment for the first time for breast cancer. The HADS scales were used to measure anxious symptoms, the PHQ9 for anxiety symptoms, and the Francis 4 for religiosity. Descriptive and bivariate analysis was performed. Results: Symptoms of anxiety and depression with clinical significance occurred in 45.2% and 14.3% respectively, and 14.3% of patients had high religiosity. Conclusions: A direct and significant correlation was found between depression scores with religiosity scores. patients with clinically significant depressive symptoms are more likely to have high religiosity.

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Index de Enfermeria

Título del artículo:

Optimising production scheduling decisions in flowshop manufacturing cells for a sportswear manufacturing case

This paper aims to reduce makespan and total weighted tardiness (TWT) by applying a cellular manufacturing system (CMS) approach based on formulations for the flowshop group-scheduling problem (FSGSP) to the sewing area of a sportswear manufacturing company in Colombia. The main contribution of this paper is the application of recent FSGSP models to a novel case study in the apparel industry. As part of the methodology, two FSGSP models framed in a CMS environment were proposed based on the literature review. In addition, a genetic algorithm (GA) was developed to evaluate this application in terms of makespan and TWT. The results showed that the proposed approach completely reduced the total tardiness penalty costs and 56.23% for makespan compared to the current state. These results seek to promote the application of models and techniques for addressing the lack of productivity, high waste, and customer dissatisfaction in this Colombian industry.

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International Journal of Advanced Operations Management

Título del artículo:

Development and Implementation of a Safety Incident Report System for Health Care Discipline Students During Clinical Internships: Observational Study

Background: Patient safety is a fundamental aspect of health care practice across global health systems. Safe practices, which include incident reporting systems, have proven valuable in preventing the recurrence of safety incidents. However, the accessibility of this tool for health care discipline students is not consistent, limiting their acquisition of competencies. In addition, there is no tools to familiarize students with analyzing safety incidents. Gamification has emerged as an effective strategy in health care education. Objective: This study aims to develop an incident reporting system tailored to the specific needs of health care discipline students, named Safety Incident Report System for Students. Secondary objectives included studying the performance of different groups of students in the use of the platform and training them on the correct procedures for reporting. Methods: This was an observational study carried out in 3 phases. Phase 1 consisted of the development of the web-based platform and the incident registration form. For this purpose, systems already developed and in use in Spain were taken as a basis. During phase 2, a total of 223 students in medicine and nursing with clinical internships from universities in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Spain received an introductory seminar and were given access to the platform. Phase 3 ran in parallel and involved evaluation and feedback of the reports received as well as the opportunity to submit the students’ opinion on the process. Descriptive statistics were obtained to gain information about the incidents, and mean comparisons by groups were performed to analyze the scores obtained. Results: The final form was divided into 9 sections and consisted of 48 questions that allowed for introducing data about the incident, its causes, and proposals for an improvement plan. The platform included a personal dashboard displaying submitted reports, average scores, progression, and score rankings. A total of 105 students participated, submitting 147 reports. Incidents were mainly reported in the hospital setting, with complications of care (87/346, 25.1%) and effects of medication or medical products (82/346, 23.7%) being predominant. The most repeated causes were related confusion, oversight, or distractions (49/147, 33.3%) and absence of process verification (44/147, 29.9%). Statistically significant differences were observed between the mean final scores received by country (P<.001) and sex (P=.006) but not by studies (P=.47). Overall, participants rated the experience of using the Safety Incident Report System for Students positively. Conclusions: This study presents an initial adaptation of reporting systems to suit the needs of students, introducing a guided and inspiring framework that has garnered positive acceptance among students. Through this endeavor, a pathway toward a safety culture within the faculty is established. A long-term follow-up would be desirable to check the real benefits of using the tool during education.

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JMIR Medical Education

Título del artículo:

Clindamycin plus oxacillin, is this combination useful?

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Gaceta Medica Boliviana

Título del artículo:

In vitro and in silico analyses of Lippia alba (Verbenaceae) essential oil as an inhibitor of dengue virus and platelet activation

Dengue virus (DENV) causes millions of infections each year, and there are currently no approved antivirals. Essential oils could serve as potential candidates for developing plant-based dengue treatments. Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E. Brown essential oil (LAEO) was selected to investigate the mode of antiviral action and its effect on activated platelets. Binding affinities of 20 LAEO compounds and platelet proteins were investigated through docking analyses. LAEO showed a potent virucidal effect (IC50, 2.1 to 5.1 μg/mL) against all DENV serotypes. LAEO reduced P-selectin (from 61% to 18%) and increased survival (from 71% to 97%) in DENV-2- and DENV NS1-stimulated human platelets. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons showed the highest binding affinities (from −7.3 to −8.0 kcal/mol) with platelet innate immune receptors such as TLR2/1, TLR4/MD-2 and αIIbβ3 integrin. The data provide a first step towards defining the potential of LAEO as a candidate for developing phytotherapeutics for dengue.

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Journal of Essential Oil Research

Título del artículo:

Speaking Up About Patient Safety, Withholding Voice and Safety Climate in Clinical Settings: a Cross-Sectional Study Among Ibero-American Healthcare Students

Objectives: To explore speaking up behaviours, barriers to openly expressing patient safety concerns, and perceived psychological safety climate in the clinical setting in which healthcare trainees from Ibero-America were receiving their practical training. Methods: Cross-sectional survey of healthcare trainees from Colombia, Mexico, and Spain (N = 1,152). Before the field study, the Speaking Up About Patient Safety Questionnaire (SUPS-Q) was translated into Spanish and assessed for face validity. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to establish the construct validity of the instrument, and the reliability was assessed. The SUPS-Q was used to evaluate voice behaviours and the perceived psychological safety climate among Ibero-American trainees. Descriptive and frequency analyses, tests for contrasting means and proportions, and logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: Seven hundred and seventy-one trainees had experience in clinical settings. In the previous month, 88.3% had experienced patient safety concerns, and 68.9% had prevented a colleague from making an error. More than a third had remained silent in a risky situation. Perceiving concerns, being male or nursing student, and higher scores on the encouraging environment scale were associated with speaking up. Conclusion: Patient safety concerns were frequent among Ibero-American healthcare trainees and often silenced by personal and cultural barriers. Training in speaking up and fostering safe interprofessional spaces is crucial.

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International Journal of Public Health

Título del artículo:

Tectono-stratigraphic and sedimentological analysis of the Early to Middle Devonian Floresta Formation: Insights from the Floresta Massif, Northern Andes, Colombia

A comprehensive tectono-stratigraphic and sedimentological investigation of Early to Middle Devonian rocks was conducted in the southern Floresta Massif and adjacent regions in the Northern Andes of Colombia. A substantially reduced thickness of the Floresta Formation compared to prior studies is suggested here, attributable to pronounced stratal deformation and the prevalence of recumbent folds throughout the area. The deformation in the Floresta Formation manifests as atypical recumbent folds, diverging from the structural behavior observed in the underlying and overlying strata of the El Tibet and Cuche formations respectively, which exhibit minimal deformation. Our findings also reveal that the Floresta Formation accumulated under shallow-water platform conditions, subject to eustatic sea-level fluctuations. This resulted in distinct episodes of carbonate and siliciclastic deposition, with terrigenous sediments sourced from continental origins, potentially encompassing a combination of cratonic areas and uplifted blocks. The identification of a plausible stage of carbonate silicification signifies a post-diagenetic transformation. The sedimentary rocks of the Floresta Formation reached the upper epizone conditions, in proximity to the transition between the epizone and the upper anchizone, which suggests a maximum depth and temperature of ~5-7 km and ~300 °C, respectively. This contribution provides new insights into the geological history of the region, emphasizing the importance of scrutinizing Early to Middle Devonian rocks within the broader geological context of the Northern Andes.

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Andean Geology

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Editorial: Global excellence in cardiovascular medicine: Central and South America

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Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

Título del artículo:

Ankle mechanics during jump landings across different foot positions in professional ballet dancers

This study aimed to investigate the effect foot position on ankle joint mechanics and vertical ground reaction forces (vGRF) across jump landings in professional ballet dancers. Twenty-seven professional ballet dancers (men: 14; women: 13) attended one data collection session, completing five maximal countermovement jumps in parallel, first, second, fourth, and fifth positions. Three-dimensional ankle mechanics, landing vGRF variables, and jump height were recorded via a seven-camera motion capture system and one force platform. A repeated measures multivariate analysis of variance was used to assess the main effects foot position across all target variables. A linear discriminate analysis was conducted to investigate target variables across foot positions. Frontal and transverse plane ankle mechanics had the largest impact when discriminating between foot positions. Ankle power in the transverse plane during jump landing in fourth was double that of all other positions. Our findings suggest that ankle range of motion should be restored before returning to jumps in fourth and fifth positions following distal lower extremity injury. The multiplanar energy transfer observed indicates a need for specific exercises to develop multiplanar force and rate of force development of local structures around the ankle.

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Sports Biomechanics

Título del artículo:

Effectiveness of an interprofessional assessment and management approach for people with chronic low back disorders delivered via virtual care: A randomized controlled trial pilot intervention

Objective: Virtual care for chronic conditions has seen uptake due to COVID-19. Evaluation of virtual models is important to ensure evidence-based practice. There is a paucity of research in the use of virtual care for management of chronic back disorders. The objective of this study was to evaluate effectiveness of a team-based virtual care model for back disorder assessment where a physical therapist uses virtual care to join a nurse practitioner and patient in a rural Saskatchewan, Canada community. Methods: Sixty-four rural adults with chronic back disorders were randomly allocated to receive either: (1) team-based virtual care (n = 24); (2) care from an urban physical therapist travelling to community (n = 20); or (3) care from a rural nurse practitioner (n = 20). The team-based care group involved a nurse practitioner located with a rural patient, and a physical therapist joining using virtual care. The physical therapist alone and the nurse practitioner alone groups received in-person assessments. Groups with a physical therapist involved had follow-up treatments by in-person physical therapy. Outcomes over six months included pain, disability, back beliefs, satisfaction, quality-adjusted health status and management-related costs. Results: There were no significant differences for pain, disability, back beliefs and satisfaction between groups. The average cost per patient for implementing in-person physical therapist assessment ($135) was higher compared with the team over virtual care ($118) and NP care ($59). Conclusion: Primary outcomes were not different by group. Physical therapist alone was more costly than other groups. Future research should include more participants, longer follow-up time and refined cost parameters. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02225535; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02225535 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6lqLTCNF7).

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Digital Health

Título del artículo:

Factors associated with non-communicable diseases in ex-combatants

Objective: Identification of factors associated with noncommunicable diseases in ex-com-batants of the FARC-EP resident in the Transitional Standardization Zone (ZVTN) in the department of Cesar(Colombia). Methodology: Cross-sectional analytical study in which 114 ex-combatants of the FARC-EP were evaluated, using sociodemographic questionnaire and STEP WISE application. Data were collected, analyzed and reported as mean ± standard deviation. Statistical comparisons were made between groups using SPSS 24 software. Results: Ex-combatants with more than 5 years of belonging to the group have 1.6 times the probability of presenting high levels of abdominal fat with an OR 1.62 (1.39-1.90), and 2.04 (1.38-3.01) times the probability of being overweight and obese. Conclusions: The data found suggests that exposure to armed conflict could affect the physical health of ex-combatants, related to a greater probability of developing noncommunicable diseases such as: hypertension, diabetes, lung cancer, among others.

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Salud Uninorte

Título del artículo:

A guane archaeological heritage: a strategy to bring the museum to young people

The appropriation of a culture by the society that succeeds it develops identity and creates a sense of belonging to its origins, in addition to forging its characteristic features linked to customs, beliefs and traditions. In the department of Santander, Colombia inhabited the guanes indigenous people who abandoned their legacy, remnants of culture contained in archaeological pieces that are found under institutions of the department. This collection presents a great responsibility when guarding them, but even more so, when it comes to disseminating and opening them up to the community. The interest of this research lies in determining appropriate mechanisms to bring representative cultural samples of a region to the young population, using digital and analog tools of the artifacts traditionally contained in museums and galleries for their appropriation, applied to the case study of the Ethnological, Archaeological and Historical Museum UDES. The strategy is validated through the development of creation workshops and a pilot test with a population sample, 170 high school students from the Promoción Social Norte school, where a 71.8% lack of knowledge towards the guanes was initially evidenced, achieving positive results through a trivia-type video game. and the interaction with the strategy.

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Revista del Museo de Antropologia

Título del artículo:

Dentists´ knowledge about common risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and periodontitis: An opportunity to be part of a multidisciplinary team

Background: Reducing the disease burden of cardiovascular diseases and periodontitis continues to be a priority and dentists are part of the primary care team. However, it is unclear whether Colombian dentists have the necessary knowledge to identify cardiovascular disease risk factors in clinical practice. The main aim of this study was to investigate Colombian dentists’ knowledge about common risk factors for cardiovascular disease and periodontitis. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. A self-administered electronic survey was validated by experts and completed by 232 dentists who practiced in Colombia. Descriptive and multivariate analyzes were performed, including hierarchical cluster analysis. Results: Regarding the identification of shared risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease or periodontitis, 80.6% identified smoking and 72.8% diabetes. The correct identification of cardiovascular disease risk factors was between 34.9% in the case of eating practices and 78.0% for physical inactivity. Being a woman (79.8%), under 40 years of age (64.0%), not having completed a postgraduate degree (68.5%), and working in private institutions (88.8%) were the characteristics of dentists that best identified common risk factors for both cardiovascular disease and periodontitis. Conclusions: Colombian dentists had good knowledge of common risk factors for both cardiovascular diseases and periodontitis, but limited knowledge about cardiovascular disease risk factors. Younger dentists better identified risk factors. Conversely, older, more experience, and more specialized practitioners could benefit from more training about cardiovascular risk factors in order to truly be part of multidisciplinary teams in primary care.

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Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry

Título del artículo:

Inclusive teaching of palaeontology for people with and without disabilities through didactic workshops

This work describes the didactic preparation and the result of carrying out palaeontological workshops designed for all students, based on strategies with a didactic approach proposed by the Universal Design for Learning in the methodologies used by teachers that allow students with and without disabilities to access knowledge regardless of their deficiency, removing context barriers and maximising learning opportunities. In this work, didactic workshops based not only on elements related to geosciences but also on interactivity with palaeontologists themselves are proposed, with which an exchange of ideas and information is established.

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International Journal of Inclusive Education

Título del artículo:

Doppler­ ultrasonography:­ early­ determination­ of­ pregnancy­ in­ dairy­ cows­ in­ Colombia

This study aimed to describe using Doppler ultrasonography to detect non-pregnant cows on day 19 post-AI in Chitagá, Norte de Santander, Colombia. A cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 46 multiparous Holstein cows. It was found that embryonic death for the period 19-35 post-AI was 15%. The reported Kappa value for Color Doppler and Power Mode Ultrasonography (USG) about the gold standard (B-Mode USG on day 35 post-AI) was 58% and 54%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the Color Doppler test were 97.9% and 64.6%, respectively, while for Power Mode USG, the sensitivity and specificity were 94% and 62%, respectively. Finally, the area under the curve for the parallel combination of the diagnosis of B-Mode USG on day 35 post-AI as a cutoff point for the detection of pregnant cows on day 19 post-AI (Color Doppler and Power Mode) was 0.83 and 0.58, respectively. It is concluded that Color Doppler USG showed better sensitivity, specificity, Kappa index, and a higher area under the curve compared to Power Mode Doppler USG, and it could potentially be a valuable tool for the early detection of non-pregnant cows on day 19 post-AI.

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Taurus

Título del artículo:

What has been researched on systemic lupus erythematosus in Latin America? A historical bibliometric analysis since 1935

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic and debilitating condition of significant interest in biomedical research. Historically, Latin American research on SLE has not been thoroughly explored. Aim: To analyze the evolution and characteristics of scientific research on SLE in Latin America. Materials and methods: Bibliometric cross-sectional study. Results: A total of 3 825 documents were included. Historically, a publication was found in 1935, establishing an analysis window of 88 years (1935-2023). It was observed that 83.5 % (n=3 192) of the production consisted of primary data articles, with 23.8 % international collaboration. Brazil, Mexico, and Argentina have been the most prolific countries, although the most prolific author is affiliated with Peru. There has been a significant transition in topics, from describing and discovering molecules, targets, and therapeutics to developing classifications and proposing clusters based on machine learning and novel immunological techniques. Conclusions: A sustained and marked growth in Latin American research on SLE has been identified since the 1970s, with the first publication in 1935, primarily driven by research with primary data. Brazil is the most prolific country, with some authors and institutions sharing the same characteristics, while Mexico has the greatest impact in the region. The most prominent theme has been the study of SLE linked to lupus nephritis, with a transition and inclusion of topics on machine learning, immunoturbidimetry, and evaluation of therapeutic outcomes in the last ten years.

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Gaceta Medica de Caracas