Título del artículo:

Characterization of Type I and III Collagen Fibers in the Stroma of Female Canine Mammary Tumors

There are a significant number of patients with canine mammary tumors (CMTs) whose outcome and prognosis are not predicting with the clinical indicators and current histopathological grading (I, II, III), where grade III mammary carcinomas have a 21-fold greater risk of death than grade I and II tumors. Therefore, it is main to use complementary diagnostic methods to improve histological classification in these cases. The presence of type I (Coll-I) and III (Coll-III) collagen in the tumor stroma is related to metastasis from human breast cancer. From paraffin-embedded samples (FFPE) of the stroma of canine mammary gland carcinomas (CMGCs), we describe the characterization of type I and III collagen fibers in 10 samples of each histological grade (n=30), using Picrosirius red (PSR) staining under polarized light to evaluate its relationship with histological grading. The Coll-I fibers showed different lengths, disposition, and thickness in all tumor grades with a random distribution. In the three histological grades, the Coll-III fibers showed a lower expression than the Coll-I fibers, showing the highest expression of Coll-III in grade I, decreasing its gradual percentage in grades II and III (P< 0.0001). Our results indicate that the decrease of Coll-III in the tumor stroma is inversely proportional to the increase in the grading of CMGCs. Therefore, we suggest that PSR can be a complementary method that helps to support the grading of CMGCs in a diagnostic laboratory workflow.

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Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences

Título del artículo:

Fahr syndrome: A rare neurodegenerative disorder mimicking seizures

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Romanian Journal of Neurology/ Revista Romana de Neurologie

Título del artículo:

Guiding actions to control academic stress and during professional practices in nursing students

This article is aimed at proposing actions that contribute to re-ducing academic stress and during professional practices, pres-ent in students of the last semester of the Nursing program of the UDES, based on knowing, from the quantitative paradigm, the perception of the students on the factors related to the degree of manifestation of stress, both academic and in the re-alization of their practices, which configured a field study, non-experimental, of descriptive level, with an intentional sample of thirty students attending the 10th semester, employing as an in-strument for gathering information, the questionnaire. Among the results, the factors related to a higher level of academic stress, in the dimension of the generating situation: task over-load, understanding of class topics, and limited time to do as-signments; in the physical reactions dimension: sleep disorders, drowsiness, and nail-biting; and, in the psychological reactions dimension: restlessness, anxiety and concentration problems; of the factors related to the level of stress in professional practices, of the achievement dimension: not knowing how to respond to the patient, deterioration, and complaint of the patient; and the organizational climate dimension: excessive workload. It i s concluded that the factors related to the level of stress, have an emphasis on academic training and do not have a high level of impact, proposing guiding actions to be managed. Further-more, the existence of academic stress is a statistically deter-minant of the existence of stress during professional practices.

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Archivos Venezolanos de Farmacologia y Terapeutica

Título del artículo:

Multicomponent nursing program to prevent delirium in critically ill patients: a randomized clinical trial

OBJECTIVES: To determine the efficacy of a multicomponent nursing program to prevent delirium in critically ill patients. METHODS: Parallel controlled randomized clinical trial to prevent delirium in 81 critically ill patients: 41 in the control group and 40 in the intervention group (intervention: spatial and temporal guidance, visual stimulus, auditive stimulus, and family support). Participants were recruited from September 2017 to March 2018 in the university hospital Los Comuneros, Bucaramanga, Colombia. Clinical Trials record NCT03215745. RESULTS: The incidence of delirium was 5% in the intervention group and 24% in the control group. The relative risk was 0.20 (95% CI 0.05 to 0.88). The absolute risk reduction was 19.39% (95% CI 4.61 to 34.17) and the number needed to treat was 5 (95 CI % 3 to 26%). CONCLUSION: The multicomponent nursing program is efficient to prevent delirium in critically ill patients.

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Revista gaucha de enfermagem

Título del artículo:

Comparison of ovulation inducers in an FTAI programme with sexed semen in Bos taurus x Bos indicus heifers

The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of estradiol cypionate (ECP) and estradiol benzoate (EB) as ovulation inducers in a fixed-time artificial insemination programe (FTAI) using sexed semen in Senepol x Brahman red heifers. All animals received on day 0 an intravaginal device of progesterone (P4) of 0.5 g for eight days + 2 mg BE. Heifersingroup1(n=177) received150µg PGF2α + 150 IU eCG + 1 mg ECP and heifers in group 2 (n=177) 150 IU eCG + 150 µg PGF2α and 24 h later received 1 mg BE. Heifers were inseminated with sexed semen 60 h after removal of the P4 device. The diameter of the preovulatory follicle and the gestation rates were determined by type of ovulation inducer. The diameter of the preovulatory follicle in heifers treated with ECP (11.48 ± 2.88 mm) was statistically similar to those treated with BE (10.81 ± 2.08 mm). A higher gestation rate (p=0.0069) was found in the ECP group (51.4%) than in the BE group (38.4%). It is concluded that ECP in comparison with BE as an ovulation inducer in IATF protocols favours pre-ovulatory follicle growth and gestation rates.

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Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Peru

Título del artículo:

A brief history of cerebral cavernous malformations: A personal perspective

As is the case in many areas of medicine and science in general, there has been a dramatic acceleration in the acquisition of understanding during the last few decades. This is also the case for cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs). We like to artificially divide the progress that we have personally witnessed into three phases: pre-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), post-MRI, and molecular. We highlight the major leaps forward linked to the specific discovery.

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Vessel Plus

Título del artículo:

Biological activity of sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis linneo) and potential uses in human health: A review

Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis Linneo) is an ancestral plant originating in the Amazon jungle that has been adopted as a food source due to its high nutritional value, which has gradually been recognized to have potential benefits for human health. Diverse prospective studies have evaluated the effect of consuming components from the plant, derivatives from its seeds, leaves and shell on preventing the risk of cardiovascular disease, chronic inflammatory disease, dermatitis and controlling tumor proliferation, especially given its recognized high content of essential fatty acids, phenolic compounds and vitamin E, showing antioxidant, hypolipidemic, immunomodulation and emollient activity, as well as the capacity to remove heavy metals from aqueous solutions. This review offers a complete description of the existing information on the use and biological activity of P. volubilis L., based on its essential lipid components and evidenced on its use in the field of human health, in prevention, therapeutic and nutritional contexts, along with industrial uses, making it a promising bioresource.

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Food Technology and Biotechnology

Título del artículo:

Invention and pilot study of the efficacy and safety of the supratube device in continuous supraglottic aspiration for intubated and mechanically ventilated patients

Background: Bronchoaspiration of content that accumulates in the supraglottic area (eg, saliva, gastroesophageal reflux) is a risk factor for ventilator-associated pneumonia. A continuous supraglottic suction system may decrease the risk of bronchoaspiration in these patients. Objective: (1) Constructing a conceptual model and functional prototype of a continuous supraglottic suction device for use in humans; (2) defining functional characteristics in ex vivo swine head models; and (3) evaluating its efficacy and safety in mechanically ventilated patients. Methods: Study conducted in three phases. First phase: definition of distances and diameters of the triangle determined by dental arch, posterior oropharynx and vallecula, and diameter of the oropharynx in axial projection; and identification of the declining area of supraglottic suction. Second phase: design engineering and functional prototype evaluated in ex vivo models. Third phase: evaluation of device use in terms of safety and efficacy in ventilated patients. Results: We obtained a final functional model of the SUPRAtube device injected into PVC for medical use. Device effectiveness in in vitro simulation showed a high and fast suction capacity of liquid and thick volumes. Study of swine heads allowed to validate the shape, size and functional fenestration of the device. Study in intubated and mechanically ventilated patients showed a high supraglottic suction capacity and the absence of local adverse events during 72 (7–240) hours of continuous operation. Conclusion: Our study describes the process of conceptualization, design and production of a practical, safe, low-cost continuous supraglottic suction device without representing antibiotic pressure, which appears to be a new complementary preventive strategy for the standard management of intubated and mechanically ventilated patients.

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Medical Devices: Evidence and Research

Título del artículo:

Sodium intake and high blood pressure among adults on caloric deficit: a multi-year cross-sectional analysis of the U.S. population, 2007–2018

Small studies have shown reduced sodium-sensitivity of blood pressure in obese adolescents on a caloric deficit. We aimed to explore the association between mean daily sodium intake and prevalent hypertension among a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults on a calorie deficit. We used a design-based regression model to explore the association between sodium intake and prevalent hypertension. We also conducted sensitivity analyses using multiple imputation chained equations and propensity score matching. We also measured the effect of a binary exposure derived from the widely recommended threshold of 2.3 grams of sodium intake per day. Among 5756 individuals, we did not detect any significant association between increased sodium and the odds of hypertension (OR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.90; 1.05). All our sensitivity analyses are consistent with our main findings. People on a calorie deficit—a component of healthy weight loss—without malnutrition saw no benefit in reduced sodium intake to lower blood pressure. These results highlight the need to explore new population-specific strategies for sodium intake reduction, including new dietary prescription approaches to improve dietary adherence and reduce the risk associated with sodium-deficient diets.

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Journal of Human Hypertension

Título del artículo:

Effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on neuromuscular performance and body composition in elite futsal players

Spyrou, K, Alcaraz, PE, Marín-Cascales, E, Herrero-Carrasco, R, Cohen, DD, Calleja-Gonzalez, J, Pereira, LA, Loturco, I, and Freitas, TT. Effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on neuromuscular performance and body composition in elite futsal players. J Strength Cond Res 35(8): 2309–2315, 2021—Recent world events (i.e., COVID-19 pandemic) led to an unparalleled situation in sports. Players were forced to stay at home for a prolonged period and not allowed to use their team’s training facilities or even exercise outdoors. The main aim of this study was to examine the effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on neuromuscular performance and body composition in futsal players. Ten elite male players performed a 10-m sprint, horizontal and vertical jump, and body composition measurements before and after the quarantine (i.e., 70 days). Pre-post confinement differences in horizontal jump distance, countermovement jump variables, sprinting time, and body composition were analyzed by a paired sample t-test and effect sizes (ESs). A large and significant decline was observed in sprint ability (p 5 0.004; ES 5 1.31). Small and nonsignificant differences were found in horizontal jump performance (p 5 0.243; ES 5 20.39). Nonsignificant differences were observed in countermovement jump (CMJ) height (p 5 0.076; ES 5 20.63) but moderate-to-large significant declines were found in CMJ eccentric deceleration impulse, rate of force development, peak power, velocity, and landing peak force (p # 0.05; ES 5 20.52 – 1.23). Finally, trivial and nonsignificant differences were obtained on body composition parameters. In summary, sprint performance and specific CMJ kinetic variables were significantly affected by long-term reduced training, whereas vertical jump height and horizontal jump distance and body composition were not. Practitioners are advised to implement efficient sprint-oriented and eccentric-oriented training strategies to optimize return to competition after prolonged detraining periods.

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Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

Título del artículo:

Metachromatic leukodystrophy: Diagnosis and treatment challenges

Metachromatic leukodystrophy is a neurological disease of the lysosomal deposit that has a significant impact given the implications for the neurodegenerative deterioration of the patient. Currently, there is no treatment available that reverses the development of characteristic neurological and systemic symptoms. Objective. Carry out an updated bibliographic search on the most critical advances in the treatment and diagnosis for LDM. A retrospective topic review published in English and Spanish in the Orphanet and Pubmed databases. Current treatment options, such as enzyme replacement therapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation aimed at decreasing the rapid progression of the disease, improving patient survival; however, these are costly. The pathophysiological events of intracellular signaling related to the deficiency of the enzyme Arylsulfatase A and subsequent accumulation of sulphatides and glycosylated ceramides have not yet been established. Recently, the accumulation of C16 sulphatides has been shown to inhibit glycolysis and insulin secretion in pancreatic cells. The significant advance in technology has allowed timely diagnosis in patients suffering from LDM; however, they still do not have an effective treatment.

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Bionatura

Título del artículo:

Performance of big businesses and economic growth in Latin America

The objective of this research is to establish the relationship between the number and sales of big businesses and per capita economic growth for a selection of Latin American countries in the period 1996-2016. Using the database of big businesses prepared by América Economía magazine, and with a longitudinal data analysis methodology, it is found that there is a positive link between the performance of big businesses and economic growth in the economies of the region. This finding implies the need to establish conditions that allow the proper development of this type of economic organization.

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Revista Venezolana de Gerencia

Título del artículo:

Antihypertensives and Statin Therapy for Primary Stroke Prevention: A Secondary Analysis of the HOPE-3 Tria

Background and Purpose: The HOPE-3 trial (Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation-3) found that antihypertensive therapy combined with a statin reduced first stroke among people at intermediate cardiovascular risk. We report secondary analyses of stroke outcomes by stroke subtype, predictors, treatment effects in key subgroups. Methods: Using a 2-by-2 factorial design, 12 705 participants from 21 countries with vascular risk factors but without overt cardiovascular disease were randomized to candesartan 16 mg plus hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg daily or placebo and to rosuvastatin 10 mg daily or placebo. The effect of the interventions on stroke subtypes was assessed. Results: Participants were 66 years old and 46% were women. Baseline blood pressure (138/82 mm Hg) was reduced by 6.0/3.0 mm Hg and LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; 3.3 mmol/L) was reduced by 0.90 mmol/L on active treatment. During 5.6 years of follow-up, 169 strokes occurred (117 ischemic, 29 hemorrhagic, 23 undetermined). Blood pressure lowering did not significantly reduce stroke (hazard ratio [HR], 0.80 [95% CI, 0.59-1.08]), ischemic stroke (HR, 0.80 [95% CI, 0.55-1.15]), hemorrhagic stroke (HR, 0.71 [95% CI, 0.34-1.48]), or strokes of undetermined origin (HR, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.41-2.08]). Rosuvastatin significantly reduced strokes (HR, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.52-0.95]), with reductions mainly in ischemic stroke (HR, 0.53 [95% CI, 0.37-0.78]) but did not significantly affect hemorrhagic (HR, 1.22 [95% CI, 0.59-2.54]) or strokes of undetermined origin (HR, 1.29 [95% CI, 0.57-2.95]). The combination of both interventions compared with double placebo substantially and significantly reduced strokes (HR, 0.56 [95% CI, 0.36-0.87]) and ischemic strokes (HR, 0.41 [95% CI, 0.23-0.72]). Conclusions: Among people at intermediate cardiovascular risk but without overt cardiovascular disease, rosuvastatin 10 mg daily significantly reduced first stroke. Blood pressure lowering combined with rosuvastatin reduced ischemic stroke by 59%. Both therapies are safe and generally well tolerated. Registration: URL: Https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT00468923.

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Stroke

Título del artículo:

Perceptions of barriers to innovate in Colombian manufacturing firms: an analysis by technological intensity

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that impede innovation in Colombian manufacturing firms, as measured by the level of technological intensity. Design/methodology/approach: The authors used data from 1,850 firms to determine the barriers associated with information and internal capabilities, risks and environment. Findings: The main results of this study confirm that potentially innovative firms of low technological intensity are more likely to ascribe high importance to obstacles associated with information and internal capabilities, when compared with innovative firms. The abandonment of innovative projects, family-operated enterprises and investment in R&D are all related to an increased perception of obstacles to innovation, while investments in information and communication technologies have an opposite effect. Variables as partnerships and export behaviour, have different effects depending on the level of technological intensity. Originality/value: This study investigates the obstacles to innovation of a firm as determined by its characteristics and as measured against its level of technological intensity. Previous studies have investigated barriers to innovation in technologically advanced sectors (Lachman and López, 2019) and technology-based SMEs (De Moraes Silva et al. 2020) or how the technological intensity of the firm determines access to university knowledge for overcoming barriers (Kanama and Nishikawa, 2017). The only study to analyse barriers to innovation by measuring a firm’s technological intensity was conducted into Mexican manufacturing and services sector companies by Santiago et al. (2017).

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Competitiveness Review

Título del artículo:

Nursing leadership, associated sociodemographic and professional factors: The perception of leaders and evaluators

Objective: To assess the leadership styles of the assistance Nursing professionals and their associated sociodemographic and professional factors. Materials and methods: An analytical and cross-sectional study. The sample comprised 75 Nursing professionals and 170 Nursing assistants selected for convenience. The Multifactorial Leadership Questionnaire was applied to assess leadership and the organizational result variables. Results: The predominant leadership styles were as follows: transformational (mean of 3.43) and transac tional (3.40), which presented high correlation rates with satisfaction, efficacy and additional effort. The leadership style least perceived by the staff was corrective/avoidance (2.10). In transformational leadership, behavioral influence and inspirational motivation presented better scores in the leaders’ self-perception. Age, marital status and having children evidenced statistically significant differences with the transformational and transactional leadership styles; work experience was significant with transactional leadership. Conclusions: In their work, Nursing professionals denote encouraging practices that are inherent to transformational leadership, which is related to changes in the organizational culture, leads to motivating and inspiring the subordinates to transcend the routines and increases their satisfaction and commitment to their duties, thus being an important factor in health institutions.

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Aquichan

Título del artículo:

Mechanisms of action of Ib-M antibacterial peptides against Escherichia coli. A structural and proteomic study. Preliminary results

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Iatreia

Título del artículo:

Micromorphology and ultrastructure of anthers and pollen grains in ten elite genotypes of theobroma cacao (Malvaceae).

Introduction: Despite the fact that T. cacao is an important species worldwide for cocoa production, little is known about the micromorphology and structure of anthers and pollen grains. Objectives: To describe and analyze the structure and micromorphology of the anthers and pollen grains of 10 elite genotypes of this important tropical species. Methods: More than 30 anthers of flowers in anthesis were taken of the 10 elite genotypes of T. cacao from the ex situ germplasm bank of the Suiza-Agrosavia Research Center (Rionegro, Santander-Colombia). The anthers with the pollen grains were fixated and processed according to the standard protocols for embedding and sectioning in paraffin. Sections obtained (3 μm thick) were stained with Safranin-Alcian blue to discriminate structures with primary and secondary walls and total polyphenols. Additionally, the samples were also stained with the PAS-Amidoblack technique was used to differentiate between structural and reserve polysaccharides as well as proteins. Toluidine blue staining was used for the determination of sporopollenin and polyphenols and finally Alcian blue-PAS-Hematoxylin staining was applied for additional descriptions. Observations were made using photonic microscopy and epifluorescence microscopy. For observa-tion with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) the anthers with the pollen grains were fixed and dehydrated in 2.2 Dimethoxypropane, then desiccated to critical point and finally coated with gold. Results: the anthers are dithecal and supported by a long filament made up of an epidermal stratum, parenchymal tissue, and a vascular bundle. The dehiscence occurs longitudinally through the stomium. The anther wall is made up of a monostrati-fied epidermal layer, followed by a layer of endothecial cells with lignified fibrillar thickenings, cellular rem-nants of tapetum and abundant orbicules can be seen covering the cavity of the microsporangia. The epidermal and parenchymal tissues of the anthers are abundant in polyphenols. Orbicules are generally spherical, psilated, and these exhibit the same staining and fluorescence reactions as exine from pollen grains. The pollen grains are monades, isopolar, small (16-19 µm) with circular amb, spheroidal, tricolpate with medium or short colpi (5-10 µm) with sculptured membrane, semitectate, reticulated, heterobrochate, sculptured or non-sculptured walls, with microgranules of different size or scabrate. The statistical analyzes showed that there are significant differences in the size of the pollen grains (P ˂ 0.05). It is observed that the smallest pollen grains are those of the TCS 19 genotype (16.890 µm) and are different from the other genotypes, and among these there are no significant differences. Only two genotypes (SCC 19 and SCA 6) showed pollenkit and only one has perforated walls (SCA 6). Conclusions: The structure and micromorphology of the anthers of T. cacao are similar to those described for other Malvaceae. Likewise, the pollen grains showed variations in size, ornamentation of the sporoderm and the lumen of the reticulum and the presence of pollenkitt. However, no relationship was observed between the micromorphological characters analyzed in the pollen grains and the pollen compatibility models reported for these genotypes.

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Revista de Biologia Tropical

Título del artículo:

Size and weight of coffee beans regarding altitudinal ranges in coffee-growing areas in Toledo, Norte de Santander (Colombia)

The research objective is to establish the relationship between the size and weight of Arabica coffee beans and five altitudinal gradients, from 1,000 to 1,800 MAMSL, in the Toledo municipality, Norte de Santander, Colombia. Four farms were randomly selected per gradient, and the 2017 and 2018 harvests were analyzed, obtaining 40 observations. We classified 120 g of green beans per sample by size and weight using sieves # 18, 16, and 14, and weighed 50 green beans per sample to determine the trends by altitudinal zone. The data obtained were examined by descriptive analysis, variance, and Student\'s t-Test. The highest value of grain size retained in sieve # 18 was 17.99 g ± 8.16 g (Zone 2), and the lowest was 12.87 g ± 5.30 g (Zone 1); in sieve # 16, the highest value was 87.30 g ± 18.60 g (Zone 2), and the lowest was 62.56 g ±s 19.49 g (Zone 1); in sieve # 14 the highest value was 52.86 g ± 18.20 g (Zone 1) and the lowest value was 28.60 g ± 10.10 g (Zone 2). As to the residues, the highest value corresponded to floor 5 with an average of 16.03 g ± 10.63 g, and Zone 3 obtained the lowest value with 8.82 g ± 3.54 g.

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Ciencia Tecnologia Agropecuaria

Título del artículo:

Temporal prediction of the number of deaths from traffic accidents in the United States

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Bionatura

Título del artículo:

Imaging manifestations of pulmonary melioidosis: a case series

Melioidosis is an endemic disease in Southeast Asia and Oceania caused by the gram-negative bacillus Burkholderia pseudomallei. We studied 15 adult patients from Colombia with microbiologically diagnosed pulmonary melioidosis. We reviewed 15 chest X-rays and 10 chest computed tomography (CT) studies. Of the 15 patients, 87% met the criteria for acute infection and 13% met the criteria for chronic infection. The most common findings on chest X-rays were consolidation (86%), nodules (26%), and cavitation (20%). On CT studies, consolidation and nodules were observed in 90% of cases; the areas of consolidation were predominantly located in the basal and central zones in 60%. Areas of cavitation were observed in 50%, pleural effusion in 60%, and mediastinal lymph nodes in 30%. In patients with acute pulmonary melioidosis (n = 8), the findings observed were nodules (100%), mixed pattern with nodules and consolidation (87%), pleural effusion (88%), and mediastinal lymph nodes (25%). The two patients with chronic pulmonary melioidosis both had cavitation. Acute lung infection with B. Pseudomallei has radiologic manifestations similar to those of pneumonia due to other causes. In areas where the disease is endemic, it is essential to include acute melioidosis in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary nodules and chronic melioidosis in the differential diagnosis of cavitated chronic lung lesions.

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Radiologia

Título del artículo:

Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Internal Consistency, Gender Differential Item Functioning and Discriminant Validity of the Fear of COVID-5 Scale Amidst Emerging Adult University Students in Mexico

The study aimed to perform confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency, gender differential item functioning, and discriminant validity of the Fear of COVID-5 Scale in emerging adult students of a university in Mexico. Confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency (Cronbach\'s alpha and McDonald\'s omega), and gender differential item functioning were estimated (Kendall tau b correlation). The Fear of COVID-5 Scale showed a one-dimension structure (RMSEA = 0.07, CFI = 0.98, TLI = 0.96, and SRMR = 0.02), with high internal consistency (Cronbach\'s alpha of 0.78 and McDonald\'s omega of 0.81), non-gender differential item functioning (Kendall tau b between 0.07 and 0.10), and significant discriminant validity (Higher scores for fear of COVID-19 were observed in high clinical anxiety levels). In conclusion, the Fear of COVID-5 Scale presents a clear one-dimension structure similar to a previous study.

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Omega (United States)

Título del artículo:

Nursing Intervention To Prevent Delirium In Critically Ill Adults

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of a nursing intervention for delirium prevention in critically ill patients. Method: A quasi-experimental study was conducted with a non-equivalent control group and with evaluation before and after the intervention. 157 Patients were part of the intervention group and 134 of the control group. Patients were followed-up until they were discharged from the ICU or died. The incidence of delirium in both groups was compared. Additionally, the effect measures were adjusted for the propensity score. Results: The incidence and incidence rate of delirium in the control group were 20.1% and 33.1 per 1000 person-days (CI 95% 22.7 to 48.3) and in the intervention group was 0.6% and 0.64 per 1000 person-days (CI 95% 0.22 to 11.09), respectively. The crude Hazard Ratio was 0.06 (CI 95% 0,008 to 0,45) and adjusted 0.07 (CI 95% 0,009 to 0,60). The number needed to be treated was six. Conclusion: Low incidence of delirium in critically ill patients intervened demonstrated the effectiveness of interventions. The average intervention time was 4 days with a 15-minutes dedication for each patient.

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Revista da Escola de Enfermagem

Título del artículo:

Considerations and guidance for the structure, organisation, and operation of cardiometabolic prevention units: A consensus statement of the Inter-American Society of Cardiology

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of death worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income regions such as Latin America. This is because of the combination and interaction in different proportions of a high prevalence of cardiometabolic risk factors and socioeconomic and cultural characteristics. This reality brings about the need to change paradigms to consistently and systematically boost cardiovascular prevention as the most cost-effective medium- to long-term strategy to reduce their prevalence in medium- and low-resource countries, not only in Latin America but also in other global regions. To achieve the therapeutic goals in various diseases, including CVD, the current literature demonstrates that the most effective way is to carry out the patient’s diagnosis and treatment in multidisciplinary units. For this reason, the Inter American Society of Cardiology (IASC) proposes the creation of cardiometabolic prevention units (CMPUs) as a regional initiative exportable throughout the world to standardise cardiovascular prevention based on the best available evidence. This ensures homogeneity in the global management of cardiometabolic risk factors and access to quality medicine independently of the population’s social situation. These guidelines, written by a panel of experts in cardiovascular prevention, defines what a CMPU is, its objectives and the minimum requirements for it, as well as proposing three categories and suggesting an operational scheme. It must be used as a guide for all individuals or centres that, aware of the need for multidisciplinary and standardised work, want to create a unit for the comprehensive management of cardiometabolic risk established as an international research network. Lastly, the document makes meaningful points on the determination of cardiovascular risk and its importance. These guidelines do not cover specific targets and therapeutic schemes, as these topics will be extensively discussed in another SIAC publication, namely a statement on residual cardiometabolic risk.

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Global Heart

Título del artículo:

Neoliberal commensuration and new enclosures of the commons: mining and market–environmentalism governmentalities

Colombia’s Santurbán páramo wetlands are vital water supply sources for highland communities’ livelihoods and downstream cities such as Bucaramanga. Nevertheless, they face strong degeneration because of large-scale mining extraction. Seeking to harmonize divergent interests between conservation policies, domestic water supply and mining–energy development, the national government laid out land-use zones and delimited use of the Santurbán páramo since 2014. This article illustrates how hydro-territorial tensions between the mining company, the government and citizen mobilizations for water end up fencing in the collective assets of smallholder páramo residents. To understand this complex enclosure process, we show how foreign mining capital interests, urban citizens’ claims for water and government ecological boundary-making paradoxically converge. Commensuration of water meanings and values, while bridging diverse worldviews, generates new enclosures of the commons. Engaging with the conceptualization of ‘hydrosocial territories’ and neoliberal reconfiguration politics, we contribute to debates on how modernist commensuration works to commodify water and territory, disqualifying peasants’ territorial self-governance. We conclude that Santurbán páramo residents’ hydro-territorial rights are subject to the interests of social forces competing for control over this páramo territory, whether to transfer rural water to cities or to establish large-scale mining.

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Territory, Politics, Governance

Título del artículo:

A bioinspired peptide in tir protein as recognition molecule on electrochemical biosensors for the detection of e. Coli o157:H7 in an aqueous matrix

Currently, the detection of pathogens such as Escherichia coli through instrumental alternatives with fast response and excellent sensitivity and selectivity are being studied. Biosensors are systems consisting of nanomaterials and biomolecules that exhibit remarkable properties such as simplicity, portable, affordable, user-friendly, and deliverable to end-users. For this, in this work we report for the first time, to our knowledge, the bioinformatic design of a new peptide based on TIR protein, a receptor of Intimin membrane protein which is characteristic of E. coli. This peptide (named PEPTIR-1.0) was used as recognition element in a biosensor based on AuNPs-modified screen-printed electrodes for the detection of E. coli. The morphological and electrochemical characteristics of the biosensor obtained were studied. Results show that the biosensor can detect the bacteria with limits of detection and quantification of 2 and 6 CFU/mL, respectively. Moreover, the selectivity of the system is statistically significant towards the detection of the pathogen in the presence of other microorganisms such as P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. This makes this new PEPTIR-1.0 based biosensor can be used in the rapid, sensitive, and selective detection of E. coli in aqueous matrices.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Molecules