Título del artículo:

Analysis of the Formal/Informal Wage Inequalities in Colombia: A Semiparametric Approach

Informality is a common problem in Colombia, with almost 50 percent of the workers employed in this sector. This may be a solution for unemployment, but it is a lose/lose game unless the individuals have a comparative advantage in the informal sector. This article uses information from the Colombian Great Integrated Household Survey (GIHS) to analyze the wage gap between formal and informal urban sectors in two different periods, 2008:4 and 2017:4, using a semiparametric approach. Kernel density functions by groups are estimated; counterfactuals are generated by weighting wages of informal sector workers by their probability of working in the formal sector, to estimate how much an informal sector worker could make if treated as formal, according to his characteristics. The results indicate that only some groups (self-employed and some entrepreneurs) are better off if formalized.

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Journal of Applied Social Science

Título del artículo:

Rivaroxaban Plus Aspirin in Obese and Overweight Patients With Vascular Disease in the COMPASS Trial

Background: Direct oral anticoagulants are administered in fixed doses irrespective of body weight, but guidelines recommend against their use in patients with extremes of body weight. Objectives: This study determined the effects of dual-pathway inhibition antithrombotic regimen (rivaroxaban 2.5 mg twice daily plus aspirin 100 mg/day) compared with aspirin Halone across a range of patient body mass indexes (BMIs) and body weights. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of the COMPASS (Cardiovascular OutcoMes for People using Anticoagulation StrategieS) trial, which included patients with chronic coronary artery disease or peripheral artery disease. Efficacy and safety outcomes were studied in relation to BMI: (normal 18.5 ≤BMI <25 kg/m2, overweight 25 ≤BMI <30 kg/m2, obese ≥30 kg/m2) and body weight (≤70 kg, 70 < weight ≤90 kg, and >90 kg; as well as ≤120 kg vs. >120 kg). Results: Among 27,395 randomized patients, 6,459 (24%) had normal BMI, 12,047 (44%) were overweight, and 8,701 (32%) were obese. The combination of rivaroxaban and aspirin compared with aspirin produced a consistent reduction in the primary outcome of cardiovascular death, stroke, or myocardial infarction, irrespective of BMI or body weight. For 18.5 ≤BMI <25 kg/m2: 3.5% vs. 5.0%; hazard ratio (HR): 0.73 (95% credible interval [CrI]: 0.58 to 0.90); 25 ≤ BMI <30 kg/m2: 4.3% vs. 5.1%; HR: 0.80 (95% CrI: 0.66 to 0.96); BMI ≥30 kg/m2: 4.2% vs. 6.1%; HR: 0.71 (95% CrI: 0.57 to 0.86). For body weight ≤70 kg: 4.1% vs. 5.3%; HR: 0.75 (95% CrI: 0.62 to 0.91); 70 < weight ≤90 kg: 4.1% vs. 5.3%; HR: 0.76 (95% CrI: 0.65 to 0.89); >90 kg: 4.2% vs. 5.7%; HR: 0.74 (95% CrI: 0.61 to 0.90). Effects on bleeding, mortality, and net clinical benefit were consistent irrespective of BMI or bodyweight. Conclusions: The effects of dual-pathway antithrombotic therapy are consistent irrespective of BMI or body weight, suggesting no need for dose adjustments in the ranges of weights and BMI of patients enrolled in the COMPASS trial. Further studies need to address this problem in relation to greater extremes of body weight. (Rivaroxaban for the Prevention of Major Cardiovascular Events in Coronary or Peripheral Artery Disease [COMPASS]; NCT01776424)

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Journal of the American College of Cardiology

Título del artículo:

Associations of cereal grains intake with cardiovascular disease and mortality across 21 countries in prospective urban and rural epidemiology study: Prospective cohort study

Objective To evaluate the association between intakes of refined grains, whole grains, and white rice with cardiovascular disease, total mortality, blood lipids, and blood pressure in the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. Design Prospective cohort study. setting PURE study in 21 countries. ParticiPants 148 858 participants with median follow-up of 9.5 years. exPOsures Country specific validated food frequency questionnaires were used to assess intakes of refined grains, whole grains, and white rice. Main OutcOMe Measure Composite of mortality or major cardiovascular events (defined as death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, or heart failure). Hazard ratios were estimated for associations of grain intakes with mortality, major cardiovascular events, and their composite by using multivariable Cox frailty models with random intercepts to account for clustering by centre. results Analyses were based on 137 130 participants after exclusion of those with baseline cardiovascular disease. During follow-up, 9.2% (n=12 668) of these participants had a composite outcome event. The highest category of intake of refined grains (≥350 g/ day or about 7 servings/day) was associated with higher risk of total mortality (hazard ratio 1.27, 95% confidence interval 1.11 to 1.46; P for trend=0.004), major cardiovascular disease events (1.33, 1.16 to 1.52; P for trend<0.001), and their composite (1.28, 1.15 to 1.42; P for trend<0.001) compared with the lowest category of intake (<50 g/day). Higher intakes of refined grains were associated with higher systolic blood pressure. No significant associations were found between intakes of whole grains or white rice and health outcomes. cOnclusiOn High intake of refined grains was associated with higher risk of mortality and major cardiovascular disease events. Globally, lower consumption of refined grains should be considered.

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The BMJ

Título del artículo:

Marine Seagrass Extract of Thalassia testudinum Suppresses Colorectal Tumor Growth, Motility and Angiogenesis by Autophagic Stress and Immunogenic Cell Death Pathways

Marine plants have become an inexhaustible reservoir of new phytopharmaceuticals for cancer treatment. We demonstrate in vitro/in vivo antitumor efficacy of a standardized polyphenol extract from the marine angiosperm Thalassia testudinum (TTE) in colon tumor cell lines (RKO, SW480, and CT26) and a syngeneic allograft murine colorectal cancer model. MTT assays revealed a dosedependent decrease of cell viability of RKO, CT26, and SW480 cells upon TTE treatment with IC50 values of, respectively, 175, 115, and 60 µg/mL. Furthermore, TTE significantly prevented basal and bFGF-induced angiogenesis in the chicken chorioallantoic membrane angiogenesis assay. In addition, TTE suppressed bFGF-induced migration of endothelial cells in a wound closure assay. Finally, TTE treatment abrogated CT26 colorectal cancer growth and increased overall organism survival in a syngeneic murine allograft model. Corresponding transcriptome profiling and pathway analysis allowed for the identification of the mechanism of action for the antitumor effects of TTE. In line with our in vitro/in vivo results, TTE treatment triggers ATF4-P53-NFκB specific gene expression and autophagy stress pathways. This results in suppression of colon cancer cell growth, cell motility, and angiogenesis pathways in vitro and in addition promotes antitumor immunogenic cell death in vivo.

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Marine Drugs

Título del artículo:

Assessment of ambivalent sexism in university students in colombia and spain: A comparative analysis

(1) Background: Gender-based violence has no geographical, personal, or social boundaries. It constitutes a serious public health problem that affects the entire society. This research aims to identify and compare the level of ambivalent sexism in Spanish and Colombian university students and its relationship with sociodemographic factors. Ambivalent sexism, developed by Glick and Fiske (1996), is considered a new type of sexism since, for the first time, it combines negative and positive feelings that give rise to hostile and benevolent sexism, maintaining the subordination of women through punishment and rewards. (2) Methods: The methodology consisted of the application of the validated Spanish version of the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI) to a sample of 374 students in their final academic year of the Law program, of which 21.7% were students at the University of Santander (Bucaramanga, Colombia), 45.5% at the University Rey Juan Carlos (Madrid, Spain), and the remaining 32.9% at the University of Seville (Seville, Spain). (3) Results: A high level of ambivalent sexism is reported in Colombian students nowadays. In the two countries. there are similarities (e.g., the great weight of religion and the variation in attitudes towards sexism in people who identify themselves as women, compared to male or students consulted that prefer not to answer) and differences (e.g., absence in Colombia of gender-specific legislation, low number of students who have received gender education in Spain). (4) Conclusions: These findings may contribute to the construction of laws that take into account the particular problems of women and the development of educational programs on gender that are offered in a transversal and permanent way and that take into account cultural factors and equity between men and women as an essential element in the training of future judges who have the legal responsibility to protect those who report gender violence.

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International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Título del artículo:

Does Muscle–Tendon Unit Structure Predispose to Hamstring Strain Injury During Running? A Critical Review

Hamstring strain injury (HSI) remains the most common muscle injury in high-intensity running in humans. The majority of acute HSI occur specifically within the proximal region of the long head of biceps femoris and there is a sustained interest among researchers in understanding the factors that predispose to HSI. The present critical review describes the current understanding of biceps femoris long head (BFlh) structural features that might influence strain injury risk. Inter-individual differences in muscle–tendon architecture and interactions, muscle fiber type and region-specific innervation are likely to influence biceps femoris long head injury risk and might inform why some individuals are at an increased risk of sustaining a HSI during running. However, more research is needed, with future studies focusing on prospective data acquisition, improved computer simulations and direct imaging techniques to better understand the relationship between structural features, hamstring muscle function, and injury risk.

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Sports Medicine

Título del artículo:

Orientation of Belminus triatomines to cockroaches and cockroaches’ fecal volatiles: an ethological approach

Most triatomine bugs (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Triatominae) are hematophagous, though Belminus species can live off of cockroach hemolymph to complete their life cycle. In this work, we described the fixed action pattern (FAP) employed by B. ferroae to identify, approach, and suck on a living cockroach. The FAP described here is composed of the following stereotyped behaviors: (1) visual and/or olfactory detection of the cockroach, (2) reaching, (3) cautious approach, (4) antennal exploration, (5) extension of the proboscis, (6) piercing to sedate, (7) walking away and waiting (postsedation behavior), (8) second cautious approach, (9) extension of the proboscis, (10) piercing to suck hemolymph. The FAP sequence observed suggests that Belminus bugs are not predators like the rest of reduviids (assassin bugs)—but are kleptophagous ectoparasites, since they do not attack and kill a prey but rather steal hemolymph from its invertebrate host. Based on these ethological observations, we propose kleptophagy as a trait that naturally groups the Belminus species into the Triatominae subfamily. In order to identify chemicals cues that could elicit such FAP, we examined the behavior of B. corredori, B. ferroae, and B. herreri in response to the cockroaches’ odor, fresh cockroach feces and fresh rodent wastes. The last two sources were tested based on the assumption that abundant chemicals near host refuges could serve as cues for host orientation. We found that the cockroach odor emanating from a box significantly attracted B. corredori and B. herreri in a still air olfactometer. The three Belminus species approached the captive cockroach after 1 h, but avoided to climb the box. Odors emanating from the cockroach feces attracted B. corredori and B. ferroae in a Y-olfactometer. Triatomines and their hosts have intimately shared the same refuge for millions of years; certain molecules occur across invertebrate and vertebrate refuges and are recurrent in human abodes, thus plausibly explaining how these bugs can readily switch to the domestic habitat, while keeping with their kleptophagous nature.

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Acta Ethologica

Título del artículo:

Spatial clustering of orientation preference in primary visual cortex of the large rodent agouti

All rodents investigated so far possess orientation-selective neurons in the primary visual cortex (V1) but – in contrast to carnivores and primates – no evidence of periodic maps with pinwheel-like structures. Theoretical studies debating whether phylogeny or universal principles determine development of pinwheels point to V1 size as a critical constraint. Thus, we set out to study maps of agouti, a big diurnal rodent with a V1 size comparable to cats\'. In electrophysiology, we detected interspersed orientation and direction-selective neurons with a bias for horizontal contours, corroborated by homogeneous activation in optical imaging. Compatible with spatial clustering at short distance, nearby neurons tended to exhibit similar orientation preference. Our results argue against V1 size as a key parameter in determining the presence of periodic orientation maps. They are consistent with a phylogenetic influence on the map layout and development, potentially reflecting distinct retinal traits or interspecies differences in cortical circuitry.

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iScience

Título del artículo:

Reproducibility and criterion validity of two radiographic techniques for variations in mandibular premolar compared with CBCT technique

Introduction: Considering that the existence of anatomical variations causes endodontic treatment failures, therefore it is important to diagnose them. This study aimed to determine the reproducibility and criterion validity of phosphor plate radiographs and sensor-based radiovisiography to identify anatomical variations detected by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in lower premolars. Materials and Methods: 140 premolars images were obtained by CBCT, radiographs and radiovisiography. Independent interpretation was performed by two endodontists to evaluate the Vertucci classification and ramifications. Intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility were determined. Sensitivity, specificity and areas under the receiver-operator curve (AUC) were calculated using CBCT as the gold standard. Results: Intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility was higher for radiography. For Vertucci type I, radiography showed higher sensitivity (94.7%), specificity (64.9%) and AUC (0.795) than radiovisiography (89.3%, 62.2% and 0.757, respectively), similarly for type V (radiography at 69.2%, 93% and 0.8111; radiovisiography at 50%, 84.2% and 0.671, respectively). None of the techniques contributed to the diagnosis of type III (AUC < 0.5). Ramifications were infrequent (2.9%) with a low level of detection (sensitivity at 25% for radiography and 0% for radiovisiography). Discussion: This is the first study to evaluate the reproducibility and validity of these two radiographic techniques compared with CBCT for the detection of anatomical variations in teeth. Conclusions: Phosphor plate radiography showed higher reproducibility and validity for the diagnosis of Vertucci types I and V, which were the most frequent premolar variations found. This is a dissertation for the Master\'s degree in Dentistry available in the repository of the Universidad Santo Tomas, Bucaramanga campus.

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Revista Cuidarte

Título del artículo:

Air Quality and Respiratory Diseases under Different Vehicular Restrictions Systems in Bucaramanga (Santander, Colombia)

Introduction. In 2017, the city of Bucaramanga attempted different vehicle restriction systems to improve traffic flow and air quality. These systems were: free circulation (PP0), limited restriction (PP1), and extended restriction (PP2). The Objective of this study was to compare the levels of the particulate matter (PM10) and tropospheric ozone (O3) through the three systems and evaluate their effect on air quality and its impact on the incidence of respiratory diseases. Materials and Methods. The information on meteorology variables and levels of pollutants per hour and day was provided by the Colombian Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies. The statistics on respiratory diseases were provided by the Ministry of Health and Environment of Bucaramanga. All statistical information relates to the year 2017.The comparison of levels of air pollutant was based on descriptive statistics, ANOVA tests, and density functions. The analysis of the factors affecting the incidence of respiratory diseases relied on a Poisson regression model, with meteorology variables combined into factors based on principal component analysis. Results. ANOVA indicates significant differences in average levels of PM10 among sytems. Density functions show a substantial reduction of PM10 under PP2. In the Poisson model, O3 ended up being not statistically significant; the number of cases of respiratory diseases was significantly lower under PP2 and decreases with the level of PM10. Conclusions. The PP2 scheme allows a 48 % environmental gain in PM10; under PP1 this gain is less than 3 %. None of the schemes seems to contribute to reducing the already low concentrations of O3. A 10 % reduction in PM10 reduces the number of reported cases of respiratory diseases by 5.6 %. The study supports the adoption of the PP2 system.

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Revista Lasallista de Investigacion

Título del artículo:

analysis of the implementation of occupational safety and health standards at manufacturing companies in the city of Valledupar

Introduction: Occupational safety and health is a process that requires the adoption of measures that guarantee the physical, social and mental wellness of a person, under normative parameters that must be met, supervised, and controlled. Objectives: To diagnose occupational safety and health conditions at manufacturing companies in the city of Valledupar, Colombia. Methods: The study focused on the development of a diagnosis on occupational health and safety conditions at manufacturing companies, based on the application of two instruments which focused mainly on identifying socioeconomic conditions of workers and determining the compliance status of the minimum occupational health and safety standards. Results: According to the determined socioeconomic conditions of the workers participating in the study, it was found that, on average, the companies are complying with only 23% of all the requirements established in the resolution 0312 of 2019. Conclusions: Seventy percent of workers affirm that their companies are not taking any action to implement safety and health procedures at work.

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Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Trabalho

Título del artículo:

Contextual factors that influence the entrepreneurial intention of Venezuelan and Colombian university students

Entrepreneurship is considered a novel area of research, it has recently taken a great boom, especially as an instrument of government policies aimed at promoting the growth of economic activity. In this sense, the work analyzes the contextual factors influencing the entrepreneurial intention of Venezuelan and Colombian university students. The methodology used was descriptive, with a field design, applying a questionnaire to students from the Universidad de la Costa (Colombia) and the Universidad del Zulia (Venezuela). The results show that a large part of the students are determined to develop business ideas under favorable conditions, but the administrative procedures for the creation of companies, lack of business experience and lack of financing are the main inhibiting factors of the entrepreneurial spirit. It is concluded that entrepreneurship requires policies that generate incentives in young people to connect them with productive activity, promoting innovation.

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Revista de Ciencias Sociales

Título del artículo:

Primary health care challenge for nursing professionals: a narrative review

OBJECTIVE: Carry out a narrative review of scientific literature on nursing professionals training in primary health care (PHC), which allows us to know the challenges facing the renewal of this strategy. METHODS: Review of the literature found, selection of 55 articles from various scientific sources in the last 10 years in electronic databases (MEDLINE, IME, LILACS, Centro Cochrane Iberoamericano, Embase, CUIDEN, CINAHL, BDIE). The selected articles were submitted to an interpretation, synthesis, and critical analysis process for the purpose of selection. RESULTS: Higher education institutions in Colombia have been working on training of undergraduate students responding to the axes established in the strengthening of human resources in health. This training is used for the application of the integral health care model, focusing on the strengthening of work profiles and the acquisition of competencies that can generate significant contributions to the reality and needs of the individual, family, community, as well as to the different cultures and ethnic groups with humanization, under the general social security health system. An analysis of renewed and comprehensive PHC approaches has been carried out in different countries involving transformations in education with training by competencies, interprofessional work, teamwork, strengthening communication with the community, and health team. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the narrative review, this research highlights the importance of developing studies on interventions carried out by students with acquired competencies in their training process and management to improve health conditions of the community.

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Revista de saude publica

Título del artículo:

Analysis of the physicochemical process in the production of biogas from equine manure

The present research aims to evaluate the physicochemical variables involved in the anaerobic digestion process to produce methane from manure on an agricultural farm; the farm has 2 equines that generate 12 Kg of manure per day. A manure sample was collected, and the following physicochemical parameters were determined: total solids, volatile solids, chemical oxygen demand, and pH. A tubular household biodigester was then implemented, consisting mainly of a polyethylene geomembrane that stores the organic matter and in which anaerobic digestion takes place. The performance of the biodigester was determined by the removal of organic matter quantified by volatile solids and chemical oxygen demand in the biodigester influent and digestate, of which removal of 82% of volatile solids and 74% of chemical oxygen demand was achieved. The average biogas production was 0.5 m3/day, and its lower heating value was 26,000 kJ/m3. The pH level of the biodigester was within the range of 6-7, in order to keep the methanogenic bacteria active, in charge of carrying out physicochemical process that guarantees anaerobic digestion and thus, the production of biogas.

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series

Título del artículo:

Effect of a regenerator on hybrid solar gas turbine performance in Barranquilla, Colombia

A thermodynamic analysis of a hybrid gas turbine solar plant, represented in three basic subsystems related to the power cycle, the combustion chamber subsystem, and the solar concentrator subsystem, allows evaluating the performance of a hybrid cycle from a reduced number of parameters, which include energy losses in each of its components. The solar radiation values are estimated with an evaluated and validated theoretical model, the combustion chamber uses natural gas as fuel and the numerical values of the system are taken from the Solugas experimental plant in Spain. This work presents an integrated model that allows to estimate the operation of a hybrid solar Brayton power plant in any place and day of the year. The evaluation of the plant in Barranquilla, Colombia is shown from the influence of the regenerator has on the plant performance and solar concentrating system. The results show that the regenerator can increase the overall efficiency of the plant by 29% and allows reaching a maximum temperature of the central receiver of the concentrator of 1044 K at noon, when solar radiation is maximum.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Journal of Physics: Conference Series

Título del artículo:

Characterization of Type I and III Collagen Fibers in the Stroma of Female Canine Mammary Tumors

There are a significant number of patients with canine mammary tumors (CMTs) whose outcome and prognosis are not predicting with the clinical indicators and current histopathological grading (I, II, III), where grade III mammary carcinomas have a 21-fold greater risk of death than grade I and II tumors. Therefore, it is main to use complementary diagnostic methods to improve histological classification in these cases. The presence of type I (Coll-I) and III (Coll-III) collagen in the tumor stroma is related to metastasis from human breast cancer. From paraffin-embedded samples (FFPE) of the stroma of canine mammary gland carcinomas (CMGCs), we describe the characterization of type I and III collagen fibers in 10 samples of each histological grade (n=30), using Picrosirius red (PSR) staining under polarized light to evaluate its relationship with histological grading. The Coll-I fibers showed different lengths, disposition, and thickness in all tumor grades with a random distribution. In the three histological grades, the Coll-III fibers showed a lower expression than the Coll-I fibers, showing the highest expression of Coll-III in grade I, decreasing its gradual percentage in grades II and III (P< 0.0001). Our results indicate that the decrease of Coll-III in the tumor stroma is inversely proportional to the increase in the grading of CMGCs. Therefore, we suggest that PSR can be a complementary method that helps to support the grading of CMGCs in a diagnostic laboratory workflow.

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Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences

Título del artículo:

Fahr syndrome: A rare neurodegenerative disorder mimicking seizures

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Romanian Journal of Neurology/ Revista Romana de Neurologie

Título del artículo:

Guiding actions to control academic stress and during professional practices in nursing students

This article is aimed at proposing actions that contribute to re-ducing academic stress and during professional practices, pres-ent in students of the last semester of the Nursing program of the UDES, based on knowing, from the quantitative paradigm, the perception of the students on the factors related to the degree of manifestation of stress, both academic and in the re-alization of their practices, which configured a field study, non-experimental, of descriptive level, with an intentional sample of thirty students attending the 10th semester, employing as an in-strument for gathering information, the questionnaire. Among the results, the factors related to a higher level of academic stress, in the dimension of the generating situation: task over-load, understanding of class topics, and limited time to do as-signments; in the physical reactions dimension: sleep disorders, drowsiness, and nail-biting; and, in the psychological reactions dimension: restlessness, anxiety and concentration problems; of the factors related to the level of stress in professional practices, of the achievement dimension: not knowing how to respond to the patient, deterioration, and complaint of the patient; and the organizational climate dimension: excessive workload. It i s concluded that the factors related to the level of stress, have an emphasis on academic training and do not have a high level of impact, proposing guiding actions to be managed. Further-more, the existence of academic stress is a statistically deter-minant of the existence of stress during professional practices.

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Archivos Venezolanos de Farmacologia y Terapeutica

Título del artículo:

Multicomponent nursing program to prevent delirium in critically ill patients: a randomized clinical trial

OBJECTIVES: To determine the efficacy of a multicomponent nursing program to prevent delirium in critically ill patients. METHODS: Parallel controlled randomized clinical trial to prevent delirium in 81 critically ill patients: 41 in the control group and 40 in the intervention group (intervention: spatial and temporal guidance, visual stimulus, auditive stimulus, and family support). Participants were recruited from September 2017 to March 2018 in the university hospital Los Comuneros, Bucaramanga, Colombia. Clinical Trials record NCT03215745. RESULTS: The incidence of delirium was 5% in the intervention group and 24% in the control group. The relative risk was 0.20 (95% CI 0.05 to 0.88). The absolute risk reduction was 19.39% (95% CI 4.61 to 34.17) and the number needed to treat was 5 (95 CI % 3 to 26%). CONCLUSION: The multicomponent nursing program is efficient to prevent delirium in critically ill patients.

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Revista gaucha de enfermagem

Título del artículo:

Comparison of ovulation inducers in an FTAI programme with sexed semen in Bos taurus x Bos indicus heifers

The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of estradiol cypionate (ECP) and estradiol benzoate (EB) as ovulation inducers in a fixed-time artificial insemination programe (FTAI) using sexed semen in Senepol x Brahman red heifers. All animals received on day 0 an intravaginal device of progesterone (P4) of 0.5 g for eight days + 2 mg BE. Heifersingroup1(n=177) received150µg PGF2α + 150 IU eCG + 1 mg ECP and heifers in group 2 (n=177) 150 IU eCG + 150 µg PGF2α and 24 h later received 1 mg BE. Heifers were inseminated with sexed semen 60 h after removal of the P4 device. The diameter of the preovulatory follicle and the gestation rates were determined by type of ovulation inducer. The diameter of the preovulatory follicle in heifers treated with ECP (11.48 ± 2.88 mm) was statistically similar to those treated with BE (10.81 ± 2.08 mm). A higher gestation rate (p=0.0069) was found in the ECP group (51.4%) than in the BE group (38.4%). It is concluded that ECP in comparison with BE as an ovulation inducer in IATF protocols favours pre-ovulatory follicle growth and gestation rates.

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Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Peru

Título del artículo:

A brief history of cerebral cavernous malformations: A personal perspective

As is the case in many areas of medicine and science in general, there has been a dramatic acceleration in the acquisition of understanding during the last few decades. This is also the case for cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs). We like to artificially divide the progress that we have personally witnessed into three phases: pre-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), post-MRI, and molecular. We highlight the major leaps forward linked to the specific discovery.

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Vessel Plus

Título del artículo:

Biological activity of sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis linneo) and potential uses in human health: A review

Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis Linneo) is an ancestral plant originating in the Amazon jungle that has been adopted as a food source due to its high nutritional value, which has gradually been recognized to have potential benefits for human health. Diverse prospective studies have evaluated the effect of consuming components from the plant, derivatives from its seeds, leaves and shell on preventing the risk of cardiovascular disease, chronic inflammatory disease, dermatitis and controlling tumor proliferation, especially given its recognized high content of essential fatty acids, phenolic compounds and vitamin E, showing antioxidant, hypolipidemic, immunomodulation and emollient activity, as well as the capacity to remove heavy metals from aqueous solutions. This review offers a complete description of the existing information on the use and biological activity of P. volubilis L., based on its essential lipid components and evidenced on its use in the field of human health, in prevention, therapeutic and nutritional contexts, along with industrial uses, making it a promising bioresource.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Food Technology and Biotechnology

Título del artículo:

Invention and pilot study of the efficacy and safety of the supratube device in continuous supraglottic aspiration for intubated and mechanically ventilated patients

Background: Bronchoaspiration of content that accumulates in the supraglottic area (eg, saliva, gastroesophageal reflux) is a risk factor for ventilator-associated pneumonia. A continuous supraglottic suction system may decrease the risk of bronchoaspiration in these patients. Objective: (1) Constructing a conceptual model and functional prototype of a continuous supraglottic suction device for use in humans; (2) defining functional characteristics in ex vivo swine head models; and (3) evaluating its efficacy and safety in mechanically ventilated patients. Methods: Study conducted in three phases. First phase: definition of distances and diameters of the triangle determined by dental arch, posterior oropharynx and vallecula, and diameter of the oropharynx in axial projection; and identification of the declining area of supraglottic suction. Second phase: design engineering and functional prototype evaluated in ex vivo models. Third phase: evaluation of device use in terms of safety and efficacy in ventilated patients. Results: We obtained a final functional model of the SUPRAtube device injected into PVC for medical use. Device effectiveness in in vitro simulation showed a high and fast suction capacity of liquid and thick volumes. Study of swine heads allowed to validate the shape, size and functional fenestration of the device. Study in intubated and mechanically ventilated patients showed a high supraglottic suction capacity and the absence of local adverse events during 72 (7–240) hours of continuous operation. Conclusion: Our study describes the process of conceptualization, design and production of a practical, safe, low-cost continuous supraglottic suction device without representing antibiotic pressure, which appears to be a new complementary preventive strategy for the standard management of intubated and mechanically ventilated patients.

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Medical Devices: Evidence and Research

Título del artículo:

Sodium intake and high blood pressure among adults on caloric deficit: a multi-year cross-sectional analysis of the U.S. population, 2007–2018

Small studies have shown reduced sodium-sensitivity of blood pressure in obese adolescents on a caloric deficit. We aimed to explore the association between mean daily sodium intake and prevalent hypertension among a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults on a calorie deficit. We used a design-based regression model to explore the association between sodium intake and prevalent hypertension. We also conducted sensitivity analyses using multiple imputation chained equations and propensity score matching. We also measured the effect of a binary exposure derived from the widely recommended threshold of 2.3 grams of sodium intake per day. Among 5756 individuals, we did not detect any significant association between increased sodium and the odds of hypertension (OR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.90; 1.05). All our sensitivity analyses are consistent with our main findings. People on a calorie deficit—a component of healthy weight loss—without malnutrition saw no benefit in reduced sodium intake to lower blood pressure. These results highlight the need to explore new population-specific strategies for sodium intake reduction, including new dietary prescription approaches to improve dietary adherence and reduce the risk associated with sodium-deficient diets.

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Journal of Human Hypertension

Título del artículo:

Effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on neuromuscular performance and body composition in elite futsal players

Spyrou, K, Alcaraz, PE, Marín-Cascales, E, Herrero-Carrasco, R, Cohen, DD, Calleja-Gonzalez, J, Pereira, LA, Loturco, I, and Freitas, TT. Effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on neuromuscular performance and body composition in elite futsal players. J Strength Cond Res 35(8): 2309–2315, 2021—Recent world events (i.e., COVID-19 pandemic) led to an unparalleled situation in sports. Players were forced to stay at home for a prolonged period and not allowed to use their team’s training facilities or even exercise outdoors. The main aim of this study was to examine the effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on neuromuscular performance and body composition in futsal players. Ten elite male players performed a 10-m sprint, horizontal and vertical jump, and body composition measurements before and after the quarantine (i.e., 70 days). Pre-post confinement differences in horizontal jump distance, countermovement jump variables, sprinting time, and body composition were analyzed by a paired sample t-test and effect sizes (ESs). A large and significant decline was observed in sprint ability (p 5 0.004; ES 5 1.31). Small and nonsignificant differences were found in horizontal jump performance (p 5 0.243; ES 5 20.39). Nonsignificant differences were observed in countermovement jump (CMJ) height (p 5 0.076; ES 5 20.63) but moderate-to-large significant declines were found in CMJ eccentric deceleration impulse, rate of force development, peak power, velocity, and landing peak force (p # 0.05; ES 5 20.52 – 1.23). Finally, trivial and nonsignificant differences were obtained on body composition parameters. In summary, sprint performance and specific CMJ kinetic variables were significantly affected by long-term reduced training, whereas vertical jump height and horizontal jump distance and body composition were not. Practitioners are advised to implement efficient sprint-oriented and eccentric-oriented training strategies to optimize return to competition after prolonged detraining periods.

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Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research