Título del artículo:

Blood glucose response to two intensities of physical exercise in young women during fasting

Introduction: Physical exercise in the fasting state has been a controversial topic; however, some studies have shown a greater loss of body fat and better glycemic control in those who participate in aerobic training when fasting. Aim: To evaluate the glycemic response after a session of moderate or vigorous physical exercise in young women in the state of fasting. Material and method: A randomized clinical trial was carried out. Twenty-six women (19 to 22 years old) were randomly assigned to two intervention groups. The first group was trained at an intensity of 70% of maximum heart rate (MHR) for 30 minutes, and the second group at an intensity of 90% MHR for 15 minutes. Height (cm), weight (Kg), body mass index (BMI), fat percentage, and maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) during a stress test were evaluated. Blood glucose levels were checked before and after the exercise session of each group. Results: No significant changes were found in post-exercise blood glucose levels in any experimental group, and the existing differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Moderate or vigorous physical exercise during fasting did not show significant variations in blood glucose, which suggests that it is safe for healthy young women to train when fasting.

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Archivos de Medicina del Deporte

Título del artículo:

Results from Colombia\'s 2018 report card on physical activity for children and youth

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Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Título del artículo:

Factores de riesgo asociados a desordenes musculo esqueléticos en una empresa de fabricación de refrigeradores

Objective To establish the risk factors associated with musculoskeletal disorders in operative workers of a refrigerator manufacturing company in Barranquilla, Colombia. Materials and Methods Cross-sectional, descriptive research. A convenience sampling was carried out, consisting of 79 workers. The instruments used were: PAR-Q (Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire), BMI (Body Mass Index), Nordic questionnaire and REBA method. Results Of the total population surveyed, 60.8% reported some musculoskeletal symptoms; 48.1% said they had a single body segment affected, 10.1% had 2 segments affected, and 1.3% had 3 or 4 segments involved. The most involved body segment was the thoracolumbar segment, which was related to positions such as assembly operator, veneer operator, injection operator and welder. Conclusion The group of workers in the areas of assembly, veneer, injection and welding is especially exposed to risk factors that increase the likelihood of suffering discomfort and musculoskeletal damage. Moving the upper limbs repeatedly and handling 57015loads manually are some of the ergonomic risks and demands for attention, while psychosocial risks to which this group is exposed include high work rates and short deadlines. In addition, the body mass index is an important factor for the onset of musculoskeletal disorders.

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Revista de Salud Publica

Título del artículo:

Long-term Effects of Statins, Blood Pressure-Lowering, and Both on Erectile Function in Persons at Intermediate Risk for Cardiovascular Disease: A Substudy of the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation-3 (HOPE-3) Randomized Controlled Trial

Background It is unclear whether modifying cholesterol, blood pressure, or both affect erectile dysfunction. Also, there are concerns that erectile dysfunction is worsened by common medications used to treat these risk factors. In this study, we evaluated the effect of: (1) cholesterol-lowering with a statin; (2) pharmacologic blood pressure reduction; and (3) their combination, on erectile function. Methods A priori, this was a secondary analysis of the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation-3 (HOPE-3) randomized controlled trial. Men were 55 years of age or older with at least 1 cardiovascular risk factor. Erectile function was measured using the erectile function domain of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-EF) score. Men with incomplete scores, or who did not engage in sexual activity, were excluded. Using a 2 × 2 factorial design, participants were randomized to rosuvastatin (10 mg/d) or placebo, and to candesartan with hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ; 16 mg/12.5 mg/d; Cand+HCTZ) or placebo. Primary outcome was change in IIEF-EF from baseline to end of study follow-up. Results Two thousand one hundred fifty-three men were included; mean age was 61.5 years, and mean follow-up was 5.8 years. Mean IIEF-EF score at baseline was 23.0 (SD 5.6). Least square mean change in the IIEF-EF score did not differ with rosuvastatin compared with placebo (−1.4; standard error [SE], 0.3 vs −1.5; SE, 0.3; P = 0.74), Cand+HCTZ compared with placebo (−1.6; SE, 0.3 vs −1.3; SE, 0.3; P = 0.10), or combination therapy compared with double placebo (P = 0.35). Conclusions Cholesterol-lowering using a statin, and blood pressure-lowering using Cand+HCTZ, either alone or in combination, do not improve or adversely affect erectile function.

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Canadian Journal of Cardiology

Título del artículo:

Computer aided design of non-toxic antibacterial peptides

Antimicrobial resistance is increasing at an alarming rate and the number of new antibiotics developed and approved has decreased in the last decades, basically for economic and regulatory obstacles. Pathogenic bacteria that are resistant to multiple or all available antibiotics are isolated frequently. Hence, new antibacterial agents are urgently needed and antimicrobial peptides are being considered as a potential solution to this important threat. These molecules are small host defense proteins that are part of the immune systems of most living organisms such as plants, bacteria, invertebrates, vertebrates, and mammals. These peptides are found in those parts of organisms that are exposed to pathogens and they are active against multiple organisms such as virus, bacteria, and parasites, among others. This review shows different strategies in the computational design of new antibacterial peptides, the physicochemical properties that are considered as the most relevant for the antibacterial activity and toxicity, and it suggests guidelines in order to help in the finding of new non-toxic antibacterial peptides through the development of computational models.

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Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry

Título del artículo:

First report of Dioctophyma renale (Nematoda, Dioctophymatidae) in Colombia

Dioctophymosis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by Dioctophyma renale (Goeze, 1782). It is distributed worldwide and it affects a large number of wild and domestic mammals. Here we report the first confirmed case of canine dioctophymosis in Colombia. The animal was found dead in the streets of the municipality of Yondó, Antioquia, and its dead body was taken to the Instituto Universitario de la Paz (UNIPAZ) to carry out a necropsy. A parasite worm was found in the right kidney and sent for identification to the Laboratorio de Parasitología of the Universidad de Santander (UDES). The specimen was identified as a male of D. renale upon observing the typical oval and transversely elongated bell-shaped bursa copulatrix with a spicule and no rays. Another important factor to confirm the diagnosis was the anatomical location in the kidney. This is the first time D. renale is reported in a stray dog in Colombia.

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Biomedica

Título del artículo:

Pedagogical strategy based on the use of OVA through a virtual platform, to strengthen the competences in cinematics of the physics subject, to the students of tenth grade of the Institución Educativa el Nacional de Sahagún Córdoba, Colombia

Se propone la aplicación de las tecnologías de la información basada en el trabajo colaborativo entre estudiantes y docentes de la Institución Educativa el nacional de Sahagun, con el objetivo diseñar la estrategia pedagógica basada en el uso de OVA a través de una plataforma virtual, para fortalecer las competencias en cinemática de la asignatura física, a los estudiantes de décimo grado con base en las necesidades educativas de la población estudiantil, y solidificando la relación docente-estudiante.

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Espacios

Título del artículo:

Face validity and adaptation of the PHQ-9 for detection of depressive symptoms in university health sciences students Cartagena (Colombia)

Objective To determine the appearance validity of the PHQ-9 for the detection of depressive symptoms among health sciences students at the University of Cartagena, Colombia Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study that assesses the psychometric properties of the PHQ-9 scale. It was consulted to 10 experts in the areas of research and clinical diagnosis. To determine the appearance validity, they were used the relevance and adequacy. Relevance determination was performed through rate content. To assess the adequacy, a panel discussion was conducted. Results: The relevance found that all the items of the PHQ-9 scale were essential for depressive symptoms screening in this population. With a CVR equal to 1 in the nine items evaluated (CVR Essential ≥ 0.62, p = 0.05). For adequacy, idiomatic settings of all items were made taking into account the relevant comments from experts and the panel discussion conclusions. Conclusions: the Phq-9 scale has an adequate appearance validity, it is necessary to evaluate the psychometric properties of this version of the scale in our population.

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Salud Uninorte

Título del artículo:

Addictive disorders such as brain diseases: Analysis of the evidence and practical implications

In the last decades, neuroscientific research has supported the fact that addictions are diseases of the brain such as epilepsy or Parkinson’s disease. The punitive approach to manage addictions has not yielded satisfactory results, therefore the basic and clinical research provides growing evidence that addiction could be better considered and treated as an acquired brain disease which constitute the brain disease model of addictions. With the development of this model, significant progress has been achieved in the implementation of prevention and more effective treatment strategies and also better informed public health policies. However, the concept of addiction as a brain disease is still being questioned. This article presents arguments to consider substance use disorder as a disease caused by alterations in the structure and functioning of specific areas of the brain, as well as to visualize the clinical implications and the public policies of this disease model.

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Salud Uninorte

Título del artículo:

Chronic Renal Failure: Clinical case report

It´s the clinical case report of a German shepherd dog, eight years old, that enters to veterinary consultation presenting frequent vomiting, hematemesis, anuric and defensive abdomen. Upon physical examination, there is congested conjunctival mucosa, oral ulcers, ammoniacal odor, depressed, intense pain at palpation of the hypogastrium and left flank. The realization of complete hematology, blood chemistry, Ehrlichia sp. and Anaplasma sp. test were indicated. In addition to the images study in the abdominal cavity. The results obtained showed a slight anemia, thrombocytopenia, elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine, and significant proteinuria. The study of images did not show the presence of digestive pathologies. According to the clinical signs and complementary examinations, it´s concluded that the patient showed a severe chronic renal failure.

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Revista Electronica de Veterinaria

Título del artículo:

Canine Babesiosis: Clinical case report

Hemoparasites cause diseases in pets and other domestic animals; however, its true impact has not been sufficiently studied in Colombia. Babesiosis is an infectious disease caused by a parasite of the genus Babesia, which is transmitted by ticks and is of global importance. The objective of this article is to report the clinical findings observed in a canine patient with suspicious signs of babesiosis. A report was made of a canine patient who entered the Veterinary Clinic of the University of Santander (UDES). At the clinical examination presented inappetence, depression lethargy and pale mucous membranes. A blood smear stained with hemacolor and a blood test was performed for the diagnosis. In the bloodstream microorganisms were observed inside the red blood cells compatible with Babesia spp and the results of the blood picture showed anemia, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia. It is concluded that the clinical findings observed in the patient coincide with that reported in the literature.

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Revista Electronica de Veterinaria

Título del artículo:

Analysis and simulation of complex economic models through the systems dynamics approach

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CICIC 2018 - Octava Conferencia Iberoamericana de Complejidad, Informatica y Cibernetica, Memorias

Título del artículo:

Characterization of embryonic mortality in broilers

Objective. The purpose of this study was to characterize the incidence of EM in Ross 308 strain eggs. Materials and methods. A prospective cohort study was performed, through candling and embryodiagnosis, in 4 groups of eggs coming from 4 different age breeders. Other data such as percentage of infertility, malformation, malposition, cracked and contaminated eggs were reported. Results. General EM reached 16.08% IC95% (14.69; 17.60) and was different among the different age-groups (p < 0.001), being higher for eggs from 64 week-old breeders with 27.66% IC95%(23.92; 31.99) and lower for the 47 weeks old ones (8.84% IC95%) (6.97; 11.22). In the first week of incubation 57.53% of the embryos died and mortality was at its highiest during days 1 and 3; in the second week EM was 38.42% died, with a maximum of deaths between days 19 and 21. Conclusions. This study allowed confirmation on the biphasic behaviour of EM, although there are variations in the peaks of mortality possibly attributed to differences in production conditions for each enterprise.

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Revista MVZ Cordoba

Título del artículo:

Neuropeptides in the human brainstem

The physiological importance of the brainstem has made it one of the most studied structures of the central nervous system of mammals (including human). This structure receives somatic and visceral inputs and its neurons send motor efferences by means of the cranial nerves, which innervate the head, neck and sensory organs, and it mediates in several actions such as movement, pain, cardiovascular, respiratory, salivary, sleep, vigil and sexual mechanisms. Most of these actions are mediated by neuroactive substances denominated neuropeptides, which are short amino acid chains widespread distributed in the nervous system, that play a role in neurotransmission, neuromodulation (paracrine and autocrine actions), and act as neurohormones. Increased study of these substances has taken place since the 1980s to shed light on both their potential role and the way that they mediate in the organism’s different activities. Thus, our aim is a detailed review of available morphologic and physiologic data regarding some neuropeptides in the human brainstem. To such end, we will discuss aspects like: 1) the distribution of neuropeptides in the human brainstem; 2) their possible physiological actions in the human brainstem; 3) neuropeptide coexistences in the human brainstem; and 4) future research in neuropeptides in the human brainstem.

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Investigacion Clinica (Venezuela)

Título del artículo:

Effect of agricultural inputs and essential oils on the soil of vegetables in Colombia\'s Caribbean region

The contribution of vegetables to food security and economic development in Colombia, as well as to environmental problems worldwide, justifies the interest to design sustainable production strategies for the agro-chain. This study was developed to evaluate the effect of the application of essential oils and agricultural inputs in chili peppers, beans and eggplants in Codazzi, Cesar, Colombia. The methodology included the compatibility analysis between pesticides used in these vegetables, and Lippia alba and Cymbopogon citratus oils in relation to their biocidal effect in vitro on native strains of Macrophomina phaseolina, Phytophthora capsici and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Applications of thiabendazole in an individual basis and combined with oils were carried out in the field. Physicochemical and microbiological indicators of soil, pests and diseases incidence and crop yield were measured. Oils controlled up to 97% of plant pathogens in vitro and exhibited compatibility with carbendazim and thiabendazole. In the field, up to 67 % of disease control was observed with C. citratus + thiabendazole compared to the control (p = 0.00), yields were close to the regional average, and better microbiological and physicochemical soil conditions were observed. In conclusion, there are differences in the edaphic effect between treatments, as the agrochemical and the oil combinations were more favorable than the individual effect of each product on the variables evaluated. The above exhorts to continue soil evaluations with oils to elucidate the duration of the described effects.

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Corpoica Ciencia y Tecnologia Agropecuaria

Título del artículo:

Practice patterns and outcomes after stroke across countries at different economic levels (INTERSTROKE): an international observational study

Background: Stroke disproportionately affects people in low-income and middle-income countries. Although improvements in stroke care and outcomes have been reported in high-income countries, little is known about practice and outcomes in low and middle-income countries. We aimed to compare patterns of care available and their association with patient outcomes across countries at different economic levels. Methods: We studied the patterns and effect of practice variations (ie, treatments used and access to services) among participants in the INTERSTROKE study, an international observational study that enrolled 13 447 stroke patients from 142 clinical sites in 32 countries between Jan 11, 2007, and Aug 8, 2015. We supplemented patient data with a questionnaire about health-care and stroke service facilities at all participating hospitals. Using univariate and multivariate regression analyses to account for patient casemix and service clustering, we estimated the association between services available, treatments given, and patient outcomes (death or dependency) at 1 month. Findings: We obtained full information for 12 342 (92%) of 13 447 INTERSTROKE patients, from 108 hospitals in 28 countries; 2576 from 38 hospitals in ten high-income countries and 9766 from 70 hospitals in 18 low and middle-income countries. Patients in low-income and middle-income countries more often had severe strokes, intracerebral haemorrhage, poorer access to services, and used fewer investigations and treatments (p<0·0001) than those in high-income countries, although only differences in patient characteristics explained the poorer clinical outcomes in low and middle-income countries. However across all countries, irrespective of economic level, access to a stroke unit was associated with improved use of investigations and treatments, access to other rehabilitation services, and improved survival without severe dependency (odds ratio [OR] 1·29; 95% CI 1·14–1·44; all p<0·0001), which was independent of patient casemix characteristics and other measures of care. Use of acute antiplatelet treatment was associated with improved survival (1·39; 1·12–1·72) irrespective of other patient and service characteristics. Interpretation: Evidence-based treatments, diagnostics, and stroke units were less commonly available or used in low and middle-income countries. Access to stroke units and appropriate use of antiplatelet treatment were associated with improved recovery. Improved care and facilities in low-income and middle-income countries are essential to improve outcomes. Funding: Chest, Heart and Stroke Scotland.

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The Lancet

Título del artículo:

Design of an electroflotation system for the concentration and harvesting of freshwater microalgae

Microalgae are considered as one of the most promising alternatives for the integrated use of agro-industrial water residues and the production of metabolites of high industrial interest. This is due to algae can grow on wastewater which in turn can reduce the emission of nutrients to rivers and lakes. However, the greatest scientific-technological barrier is the concentration and separation of the biomass produced. There are several processes used at different levels (from laboratory to industrial scale) such as flocculation, centrifugation, flotation, etc. These can be very expensive or can (possibly) contaminate the biomass. Unlike the previous ones, electroflotation has been proposed as a cost-efficient method, nevertheless its final efficiency will depend heavily on the type of alga and culture medium. Taking into account the above, the present project aims to design an electroflotation system for the concentration and harvest of microalgae biomass. The effect of several factors (pH, time, voltage and distance between the electrodes) and for types of materials (Copper, Aluminium, Iron and Steel) on biomass recovery efficiency from a culture of Chlorella vulgaris UTEX 1803 was evaluated by the implementation of a Design of experiments (43 non-factorial design) using STATISTICA 7.0. Results show that, the materials with higher concentration efficiency were cooper and aluminium with 40 and 80% respectively, and the most relevant factors were distance between electrodes (1-2 cm), time (>20 min) and Voltage (>15V). In order to increase the efficiency of the overall process a new 43 experimental factorial design was proposed using as factors distance between electrodes, time, voltage and agitation. Results show that agitation positively affects the total efficiency until reaching a total concentration of the biomass (100%). It was found that a voltage close to 50V and a time greater than 25 min positively affect the final efficiency of the copper and aluminium electrodes, however aluminium has the highest efficiency (> 95%) compared to copper (<85%).

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Chemical Engineering Transactions

Título del artículo:

Comparison of the efficiency of biopolymer derived from melocactus sp and aluminum polichloride (pac) in the process of crude water flocculation

Beginning to use new coagulants and flocculants for the treatment of drinking water is a necessity, to diminish the remains of metals in drinking water and in the residual sludges of the purification process; Aluminum sulfate, iron chloride and aluminum polychloride are currently used for the coagulation and flocculation processes of the water, of these compounds the aluminum polychloride (PAC) is the one that has shown less affectation of metal residues in water and sludge Residual, it is additionally a compound that does not significantly change the pH, this causes the removal of color and turbidity of the water, with minimal changes in the process. Different tests have been carried out with natural plant extracts, including species such as Moringa oleifera, Aloe vera, Melocactus sp, Opuntia sp and other plants, demonstrating that they are efficient in the removal of turbidity and color of natural water. In the present study, a comparison between an extract of Melocactus sp and Aluminum Polychloride (PAC) is presented in the jar test tests, determining its removal capacity, in order to comply with the Colombian drinking water standard. The capacity of a natural flocculant obtained from a species of cactus (Melocactus sp) to remove turbidity and color present in raw water was evaluated, contrasting the result with that obtained with aluminum polychloride (PAC). The data collected during jar tests carried out in the environmental engineering laboratories of the Universidad de Santander UDES, Bucaramanga Sede, are shown. After being analyzed this information served to confirm the efficiency as flocculant of this extract of Melocactus sp; In addition, these final measurements of turbidity, color and pH were compared with the values accepted by the regulations in Colombia. The obtained results allowed to conclude that the conditions managed during the tests were able to remove the turbidity and the color, using only small doses of the natural coagulant, extract of Melocactus sp, the pH remained unaltered, thus demonstrating that the flocculant obtained From a species of cactus I do not alter this parameter.

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Chemical Engineering Transactions

Título del artículo:

Production of chlorella vulgaris biomass on uv-treated wastewater as an alternative for environmental sustainability on high-mountain fisheries

The sustained expansion of agricultural industry in Colombian high-mountain has led to an increased size of residues, especially untreated wastewater. This untreated water is an urgent matter for public and environmental health, not only by its nutrient concentration (composed especially of food residuals and feces) but also the presence of pathogens (virus, bacteria, etc.) which are discharged to the environment. The overall objective of this work is to evaluate the effect of UV-treated wastewater from a high-mountain fishery as culture media for the production of Chlorella vulgaris as a sustainable method for nutrient and water recirculation on the fishery production system. The UV-canal efficiency was evaluated by the implementation of an experimental factorial design (time, distance of the UV-lamps towards the canal, number of UV-lamps and the sample concentration) using STATISTICA 7.0 software. Results shown that time (3 to 5 minutes) and the number of lamps (3-4) of 15 Watts eliminate completely coliforms from the samples. After UV-treatment the resulting water was test as culture media for C. vulgaris production by the adjustment of C/N ratio (Sodium Carbonate/potassium nitrate) by the implementation of an experimental 23 factorial design. Results shown that higher nitrate concentrations (>0,22 g/L) and moderate carbonate concentrations (1 g/L) increase the final biomass concentration up to 4g/L in 20 days.

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Chemical Engineering Transactions

Título del artículo:

Molecular detection and characterization of novel lipase genes of the lipolytic yeast Candida palmioleophila

In this study we analyzed the genetic variability of lipase gene sequences from eight oil and grease-degrading strains of Candida palmioleophila and to relate it to their degrading ability. The genetic variability of lipase genes was analyzed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and low-stringency single specific primer- PCR (LSSP-PCR), in order to obtain specific DNA fingerprints from each strain, which were subsequently compared by bioinformatic programs. DNA fingerprints were contrasted to the ability of each strain to remove palm oil in liquid culture. The results showed that at least three genes encoding lipases are present in C. palmioleophila, two of them resembling the LIP2 and LIP6 genes of C. albicans. DNA fingerprints obtained by LSSP-PCR revealed differences in the sequences of C. palmioleophila lipase genes, which allowed to group the strains according to their degrading activity. C. palmioleophila strains SACL05, SACL08 and SACL11, which showed the highest removal of palm oil after 72 h (77 to 79 % removal), were grouped in a single clade in dendrograms. Similarly, strains SACL01, SACL03, SACL06 and SACL09, which showed intermediate removal activity of palm oil (54 to 76%) grouped in a different clade. This suggests the genetic variability in lipase genes is directly related to the differences found in the efficiency of degradation of oils. On the other hand, DNA fingerprints obtained by PCR-RFLP did not allow to differentiate the strains and did not generate changes in the bands patterns between the analyzed strains. In conclusion, this study reported for the first time the detection and characterization of lipase genes from the lipolytic yeast Candida palmioleophila, and their association to the degradation of oils.

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Chemical Engineering Transactions

Título del artículo:

Functional metagenomic analysis of the coffee (coffea arabica) fermentation

This study focused on studying the influence of the temperature and time on the functional diversity of the microbial populations involved in coffee (Coffea arabica) fermentation, using a shotgun metagenomic approach. Fermentations of depulped coffee grains were carried out under controlled and non-controlled temperature conditions for 24 h. Paired-end whole genome sequencing from mucilage samples was performed using an Illumina Hiseq 2x150 platform. Global and specific gene abundance was analyzed using the KEGG orthology (KO). Results showed a predominance of genes involved in carbohydrate and aminoacid metabolism during fermentations. The abundance of genes involved in glycolysis / gluconeogenesis, lactate fermentation and mixed acids were higher during fermentation conducted under non-controlled temperature conditions; however, fermentations carried out at 11 °C induced a significant increase in the abundance of genes involved in the synthesis of aminoacid, lipids and organic acids, as well as protein secretion systems. We concluded that different temperatures and conditions in fermentations produce appreciable changes on the functional potential of both aminoacid and carbohydrate metabolism, especially in the abundance of N-acetyl-lysine deacetylase, pyruvate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphofructokinase genes, which in turn could greatly affect the taste and quality of coffee. This information, together with the results from coffee cupping, provided valuable insights into the role microorganisms involved in coffee fermentation play in obtaining better taste attributes, as well to identify key genes and potential metabolic pathways associated with these special attributes.

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Chemical Engineering Transactions

Título del artículo:

Differential protein profiles of the lipolytic yeast candida palmioleophila under different growth conditions

This work aimed to stablish the influence of different carbon and nitrogen sources, including vegetable oils, on the variability of the protein profiles of an oil and grease-degrading strain of Candida palmioleophila. Production of biomass and protein by C. palmioleophila strain SACL11 was evaluated under eight different culture conditions, which provided palm oil or sunflower oil as sole carbon source and ammonium sulfate as sole nitrogen source, during 48 h at 30 °C. Protein profiles from C. palmioleophila crude extracts were obtained by SDS-PAGE every 12 h and analyzed with bioinformatic programs. The results showed that treatments providing the highest concentrations of each of the carbon and nitrogen sources resulted in a higher biomass production, with sunflower oil being the carbon source that produced the highest values and an overall faster growth. Proteins of approximately 63 KDa and 28 KDa were detected only in protein extracts obtained from media containing palm or sunflower oil as carbon source, suggesting a key role of these proteins in the hydrolysis of oils. Furthermore, the molecular weights of these proteins were similar to several reported lipases and esterases from Candida rugosa and other related species, reinforcing their possible function. In conclusion, this work identified and reported for the first time differential protein profiles of the lipolytic yeast C. palmioleophila in response to different growth conditions, and found evidence of the involvement of lipase-like proteins during the metabolism of vegetable oils. This give insight about the enzymes involved in grease metabolism and reinforces the potential of this promising microorganism to be used as an excellent bioremediation agent in fat, oil and grease-polluted environments.

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Chemical Engineering Transactions

Título del artículo:

Intellectual Capital: A comparative view between enterprises and universities

This paper analyses the approaches of intellectual capital in enterprises and universities. It aims to the conceptualization, classification, and measurement of intellectual capital, and then it compares both approaches. The research is supported by the theories of Fazlagic, Alama, Molina, Sanchez, Elena and Castrillo, Pazdzior and Pazdzior and Bratianu. The study is done through bibliometrics, using a kind of descriptive, documentary research; with a non-experimental, and transversal design. The population is finite and represented by papers, conference proceedings, and thesis published between 2005-2014. To collect the primary data was used the direct observation technique, through concept analysis. We conclude, based on the results, generally, enterprises use the paradigm of fixed capital, focus on relational capital, while in universities the paradigms changed to the dynamic, Newtonian, integrating and transformational intellectual capital, based on human capital. Additionally, that as much as in the universities as in the enterprises the intellectual capital improved the performance of the organization, thus, the revision of the literature states that the results generated by the effective management of the intellectual capital are sustained in the time because of its immaterial nature. Moreover, in the enterprises, the predominant components correspond to the relational capital such as clients, suppliers, strategic alliances and the company reputation in front of the clients, which are essential for the generation of knowledge and the development of innovation.

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International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology

Título del artículo:

Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitism in bovines of cesar state, Colombia

The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in bovines from the department of Cesar, Colombia. Faecal samples were collected (n=862) from 27 dual-purpose cattle farms in two municipalities. The animals were stratified into three age groups: 0-12, 12-24 and >24 months. The samples were processed using the coprological techniques of McMaster, Dennis and Baermann. The genera of the parasites were identified according to the morphology of their eggs or infective larvae. The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites was 83.2%, with the highest values for Eimeria sp (77.9%), Strongyloides sp (10.8%) and Haemonchus sp (8.5%). No statistical association was found due to effect of the municipalities, but it was observed due to the effect of the age group on the prevalence of Eimeria sp, Strongyloides, Haemonchus and Trichostrongylus (p<0.05).

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Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Peru

Título del artículo:

Prevalence of cystoisospora suis in piglets and sows in Venezuela

The prevalence of Cystoisospora suis in lactating piglets and their dams in pig farms in the central region of Venezuela was determined. The study was conducted in farms of three sizes with a history of neonatal diarrhea: small (<150 sows), medium (150-500 sows) and large (>500 sows) farms. A total of 572 litters and their mothers were examined. Samples were cultured in 2.5% potassium dichromate and latter processed by the flotation-centrifugation technique using a NaCl saturaded solution. C. suis was found in 55 farms (82.1%) and 210 litters (36.7%), with the highest prevalence values in the first two weeks of life (p<0.05), but without statistical differences between farm sizes. Moreover, 9.4% of the sows were infected and of these, 89% of the litters were positive to C. suis, giving a significant correlation between the positivity of piglets and their mothers (r=0.55; p <0.05). The results show that C. suis is widely distributed in the central region of Venezuela, regardless of farm size.

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Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Peru