Título del artículo:

Development, Testing, and Implementation of a Training Curriculum for Nonphysician Health Workers to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. The need to address CVD is greatest in low- and middle-income countries where there is a shortage of trained health workers in CVD detection, prevention, and control. Objectives: Based on the growing evidence that many elements of chronic disease management can be shifted to nonphysician health care workers (NPHW), the HOPE-4 (Heart Outcomes Prevention and Evaluation Program) aimed to develop, test, and implement a training curriculum on CVD prevention and control in Colombia, Malaysia, and low-resource settings in Canada. Methods: Curriculum development followed an iterative and phased approach where evidence-based guidelines, revised blood pressure treatment algorithms, and culturally relevant risk factor counseling were incorporated. Through a pilot-training process with high school students in Canada, the curriculum was further refined. Implementation of the curriculum in Colombia, Malaysia, and Canada occurred through partner organizations as the HOPE-4 team coordinated the program from Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. In addition to content on the burden of disease, cardiovascular system pathophysiology, and CVD risk factors, the curriculum also included evaluations such as module tests, in-class exercises, and observed structured clinical examinations, which were administered by the local partner organizations. These evaluations served as indicators of adequate uptake of curriculum content as well as readiness to work as an NPHW in the field. Results: Overall, 51 NPHW successfully completed the training curriculum with an average score of 93.19% on module tests and 84.76% on the observed structured clinical examinations. Since implementation, the curriculum has also been adapted to the World Health Organization\'s HEARTS Technical Package, which was launched in 2016 to improve management of CVD in primary health care. Conclusions: The robust curriculum development, testing, and implementation process described affirm that NPHW in diverse settings can be trained in implementing measures for CVD prevention and control.

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Global Heart

Título del artículo:

Application of the association for children\'s palliative care (ACT) criteria at a pediatric reference institution in the Colombian Caribbean

Objective To assess the existence of a population susceptible to pediatric palliative care using the classification of the Association for Children\'s Palliative Care (ACT). Materials and Methods Descriptive, retrospective study. The data included in clinical records of the pediatric population aged 0-18 years and attended at the Hospital Infantil Napoleón Franco Pareja in the city of Cartagena, Colombia, were reviewed. Results 2 718 patients were included and classified according to ACT groups in group I with 462 patients; group II with 61 patients; group III with 29 patients; and group IV with 1 195, representing 4.5% of the total population attended by the institution Conclusions The study found a population susceptible to pediatric palliative care, which requires establishing measures to complement and provide comprehensive care.

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Revista de Salud Publica

Título del artículo:

Identification of Cry1 genes in Bacillus thuringiensis isolates and their toxic effect against Milax gagates , plague in lettuce ( Lactuca sativa )

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Revista Chapingo, Serie Horticultura

Título del artículo:

Point prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in double purpose cattle of Rio de Oro and Aguachica municipalities, Cesar state, Colombia

Gastrointestinal parasites are one of the most important health problems in cattle worldwide, as they cause economic losses in the herds. Twenty - seven double purpose herds were visited to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in cattle at the Rio de Oro and Aguachica municipalities. Overall, 862 fecal samples were collected in three age groups: < 12 months, 12–24 months and > 24 months. Stool samples were taken directly from the rectum and refrigerated until processing. For parasite determination, fecal samples were processed using coprological techniques. The parasitic genera were identified by egg or infective larval morphology. The global prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites was 83.2%, being the highest values for Eimeria sp. (77.9%), Strongyloides sp. (10.8%) and Haemonchus sp. (8.5%). Regarding the prevalence by municipalities, there was no statistical association (P > 0.05) indicating that the prevalence was similar in the two municipalities. Regarding the results for Eimeria sp., different degrees of positivity were observed, reflecting that there was statistical association (P < 0.05) with respect to the age group, suggesting that adult animals may act as infection source for calves. Likewise, there was statistical association (P < 0.05) between the prevalence for Strongyloides sp., Haemonchus sp. and Trichostrongylus sp. with respect to the age group. It is concluded that there is a high prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in dual-purpose cattle in the municipalities under study, and that it could be controlled by improving the hygienic conditions of the herds, and informing the farmer about parasite control programs.

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Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports

Título del artículo:

Effect of the kangaroo mother program on posture and breastfeeding

Introduction: Postural alterations are static and dynamic modifications of the body, leading to erroneous motor patterns and incorrect attitudes. During breastfeeding the adoption of different postures is necessary, implying keeping them for long periods of time; it is there where the accompaniment, training and advice is essential to the mother and support group aimed at the achievement of a successful, satisfactory breastfeeding process for the mother and the child. Objective: To identify the effect of Kangaroo Mother Program (KMP) on musculoskeletal disorders and the permanence of breastfeeding in mothers of premature infants. Method: One hundred mothers of premature children were selected, 50 of them were in a hospital institution that has implemented the kangaroo mother program and the rest in another institution without this program. Data were analysed in SPSS 15.0 version 2, a Shapiro Wilk normality test was performed to establish whether the kangaroo mother program affects the appearance of pain through 2 x 2 tables. In all tests, the level of significance was established when the value was p ≤ 0.05. Results: Women who participate in the Kangaroo Mother program have 3.1 times less risk of developing musculoskeletal pain than women who do not participate.

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Revista Cubana de Obstetricia y Ginecologia

Título del artículo:

Reevaluating nutrition as a risk factor for cardio-metabolic diseases

Introduction: The consumption of saturated fats is considered a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Objective: Review published papers on the role of macro-nutrient intake in cardiovascular risk. Results: Recent reports from the PURE study and several previous meta-analyses, show that the consumption of total saturated and unsaturated fat is not associated with risk of acute myocardial infarction or mortality due to cardiovascular disease. High carbohydrate intake was associated with the highest risk of total and cardiovascular mortality, while total fat consumption or of its different types was associated with a lower risk of mortality. A high consumption of fruits, vegetables and legumes was associated with lower risk of total mortality and non-cardiovascular mortality. The consumption of 100 g of legumes, two or three times a week, ameliorated deficiencies of the nutrients contained in these foods and was associated with a reduction in the risk of developing chronic non-communicable diseases. Conclusion: A healthy diet should be balanced and varied, be composed of a proportion of complex carbohydrates rich in fibber between 50-55% of the daily energy consumed, of saturated and unsaturated fat (25-30%), animal and vegetable protein (including legumes) between 15-25%, vitamins, minerals and water. These nutrients are abundantly present in fruits, vegetables, cereals, legumes, milk and its derivatives, eggs and meats, so public policies should promote the availability and access to these nutrients within primary prevention programs to reduce the growing prevalence of cardio-metabolic diseases.

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Colombia Medica

Título del artículo:

Perceptive analysis of the quality in health services´ delivery with a Six-Sigma approach

Introduction: Ensuring access to quality health services is one of the necessary conditions for reducing poverty and inequality in a country. Objective: To analyze the perception of quality in the provision of health services in a public care hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study of patients treated from March to April 2016 in the emergency and outpatients clinics of Lázaro Alfonso Hernández Lara Hospital, in Colombia. The sample included 220 patients that were randomly selected. Six sigma methodology which is useful for organizing the continuous improvement of health services was applied. Data from the target population were obtained through the SERVQUAL survey, which measures the perception of quality. Results: Regarding the perceived quality of care, the security dimension appeared confused with empathy, and as a differentiating factor, the comfort dimension emerged, separated from tangible elements. The overall rating of perception confirmed that about 50% of patients had low perceptions on the quality’s dimensions assessed. Conclusions: Patients show low quality’s perception regarding the health services they receive. This makes possible to recommend hospital directives to review the processes related to the quality of the services provided, and to propose improvement policies in the emergency and outpatient areas, according to the needs and conditions of the users.

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Revista Cubana de Salud Publica

Título del artículo:

Epidemiological aspects of Cystoisospora suis in swine herds located at the Central region of Venezuela

It was carried out an investigation during 2016 with the aim to study epidemiological aspects of Cystoisospora suis infections. Sixty-seven (67) intensive swine herds with a history of neonatal diarrhea were included. Overall, 572 litters and 1,712 fecal samples in mature pigs were examined. A written epidemiological survey was applied on all farms. Fecal samples were cultured in 2.5% potassium dichromate and analyzed with a copro-parasitological technique. C. suis was found in 55/67 herds (82.1 %) and 210 litters (36.7 %) with highest prevalence in the first 2 wk of age (P>0.05). Regarding mature pigs, a significant correlation was found (rho= 0.35; P>0.05) between infection in piglets and sows, suggesting that mothers sows could act as infection sources. Statistical associations were determined among parity number and frequency values in litters and sows (P>0.05), indicating that as parity increase, prevalence decrease. Probably these findings are associated with unknown immunologic mechanisms. Infection in litters less than 3 d of age, presupposes the existence of some alternative infection route. It is concluded that C. suis is broadly distributed at the central region of Venezuela and it could be controlled by improving the sanitary conditions of the herds; however, immunologic mechanisms might be involved in the protozoa transmission cycle which remain yet to be determined.

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Revista Mexicana De Ciencias Pecuarias

Título del artículo:

The simultaneous assessment of glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose and oral glucose tolerance test does not improve the detection of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Colombian adults

Introduction Guidelines recommend early detection of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). The objective of the present study was to evaluate the capacity to identify DM2 in subjects that were screened for DM2 simultaneously with all three of the tests recommended—fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and a 2-hour post 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Methods and results The present analysis of an anonymous database of 1113 adults from a reference clinical laboratory in Bucaramanga, Colombia, was an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional secondary source study. 259 individuals met at least one of the criteria for DM2: FPG 126mg/dL (7.0mmol/L), HbA1c 6.5% (48mmol/mol) and OGTT 200mg/dL (11.1mmol/ L). 30 subjects (2.7%) were diabetic according to FPG, 56 subjects (5.0%) by HbA1c and 250 subjects (22.5%) by OGTT. In total 259 subjects (23.3% [IC 95%: 20.7%– 25.8%] were diabetic either by FPG, OGTT or HbA1c. Discussion The largest number of patients were identified as diabetic with the OGTT. The combination of two or three tests did not increase the detection of new cases of DM2. Our findings suggest that routinely requesting FPG, OGTT and HbA1c at the same time may be inappropriate in at risk individuals, as this approach does not significantly improve the diagnostic capacity compared to using FPG+OGTT and substantially increases the financial burden on the health system, insurers or individual.

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PLoS ONE

Título del artículo:

Fixed-dose combination therapy to improve hypertension treatment and control in Latin America

Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Its prevalence is increasing worldwide, and is more common in low and middle-income countries. The effectiveness of hypertension treatment is determined by health cost, awareness, and patients’ compliance with the treatment. People worldwide with an adequate control of hypertension correspond to a very small percentage in low and medium income countries as the Latin America ones. Between the causes to explain these are the low availability, affordability and adherence to treatment with multiple pills. It has been proposed that fixed dose combination therapy could improve the availability, affordability, adherence and control of hypertension. This article aims to review the evidence, showing that fixed dose combination can improve adherence, decrease health cost and improve control of hypertension. Improvement in hypertension control with fixed dose combination could make an important contribution to efforts to fight against the global cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.

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Archivos de Cardiologia de Mexico

Título del artículo:

Prognostic validation of a non-laboratory and a laboratory based cardiovascular disease risk score in multiple regions of the world

Objective To evaluate the performance of the non-laboratory INTERHEART risk score (NL-IHRS) to predict incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) across seven major geographic regions of the world. The secondary objective was to evaluate the performance of the fasting cholesterol-based IHRS (FC-IHRS). Methods Using measures of discrimination and calibration, we tested the performance of the NL-IHRS (n=100 475) and FC-IHRS (n=107 863) for predicting incident CVD in a community-based, prospective study across seven geographic regions: South Asia, China, Southeast Asia, Middle East, Europe/North America, South America and Africa. CVD was defined as the composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure or coronary revascularisation. Results Mean age of the study population was 50.53 (SD 9.79) years and mean follow-up was 4.89 (SD 2.24) years. The NL-IHRS had moderate to good discrimination for incident CVD across geographic regions (concordance statistic (C-statistic) ranging from 0.64 to 0.74), although recalibration was necessary in all regions, which improved its performance in the overall cohort (increase in C-statistic from 0.69 to 0.72, p<0.001). Regional recalibration was also necessary for the FC-IHRS, which also improved its overall discrimination (increase in C-statistic from 0.71 to 0.74, p<0.001). In 85 078 participants with complete data for both scores, discrimination was only modestly better with the FC-IHRS compared with the NL-IHRS (0.74 vs 0.73, p<0.001). Conclusions External validations of the NL-IHRS and FC-IHRS suggest that regionally recalibrated versions of both can be useful for estimating CVD risk across a diverse range of community-based populations. CVD prediction using a non-laboratory score can provide similar accuracy to laboratory-based methods.

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Heart

Título del artículo:

Ovine and caprine fasciolosis incidence in the north of Cesar and south of the Guajira

Fascioliasis is an important disease caused by the parasite Fasciola hepatica, which usually attacks production animals, especially domestic ruminants and occasionally humans, which is why it is of great importance in public health. Commonly described in temperate and humid regions, the indiscriminate transport of animals has allowed this trematode to settle and complete the biological cycle in regions of the dry tropics, such as north of Cesar and south of La Guajira of Colombia. Objective: to identify the incidence of fasciolosis in sheep and goats. Methods: 1039 sheep and goats without discrimination of sex or age of ten municipalities of the two departments randomly were selected. Samples of fecal material were collected by rectal palpation (approximately 100 gr for parasitological diagnosis) using the Dennis technique from samples collected in August 2015 to May 2016. The recovered eggs were analyzed morphologically through light microscopy (increases of 10 x and 40 x). Results: for the total of the analyzed population of 1039 animals of the two species, 150 were positive (14.43%), a total of 27 in goats (18%): 26 females and 1 male; 123 in sheep (82%), 111 females and 12 males. Conclusions: this study demonstrates the importance of fasciolosis in ovine-caprine livestock of north Cesar and south of La Guajira to will take control measures in sanitary inspection processes due to their impact on public health.

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Revista Electronica de Veterinaria

Título del artículo:

Spatiotemporal dynamics of human leptospirosis and its relationship with rainfall anomalies in Colombia

Background: In Colombia, human leptospirosis (HL) is a disease that has had a mandatory notification rule since 2007. Humans usually acquire the infection through water contaminated with animal urine that comes into direct contact with cutaneous lesions, eyes or mucous membranes. Objectives: To analyze the spatiotemporal variability in the occurrence of HL cases in Colombia between 2007 and 2016, and its relation with the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle and the consequent anomalies in rainfall in spatiotemporal clusters. Methods: An ecological study of the HL cases, aggregated by municipality, and reported between 2007 and 2016, is presented. Findings: During the period of study, 9928 cases of HL were reported, and 58.9% of the municipalities reported at least one case of leptospirosis. Six spatiotemporal clusters were identified-five were in the Andean region and one was in the Caribbean region. The assessment of the ENSO cycle and rainfall anomalies suggests the importance of La Niña episodes, and excess rainfall periods in the occurrence of cases of HL. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate the importance of the ENSO cycle, rainfall periods and periods with excess rainfall in the occurrence of cases and outbreaks of HL in Colombia, and suggest the importance of the topography of valleys and flood zones as zones in which the risk of infection is elevated.

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Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

Título del artículo:

Effects of homeopathy on seminal quality in bulls

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Revista Electronica de Veterinaria

Título del artículo:

Best antihypertensive strategies to improve blood pressure control in Latin America: Position of the Latin American Society of Hypertension

Evidence from randomized trials has shown that effective treatment with blood pressure (BP)-lowering medications reduces the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with hypertension. Therefore, hypertension control and prevention of subsequent morbidity and mortality should be achievable for all patients worldwide. However, many people in Latin America remain undiagnosed, untreated or have inadequately controlled BP, even where this is access to health systems. Barriers to hypertension control in low-income countries include difficulties in transportation to health services; inappropriate opening hours; difficulties in making clinic appointments; inaccessible healthcare facilities, lack of insurance and high treatment costs. After a review of the best recent available evidence on the efficacy and tolerability of antihypertensive drugs and strategies, the Latin American Society of Hypertension experts conclude that all major classes of BP-lowering drugs be available to hypertensive patients, because all have been shown to reduce major cardiovascular outcomes compared with placebo, and have shown to be associated with a comparable risk of major cardiovascular events and mortality when compared between classes. Within each class, no evidence whatsoever is available to show that one compound is more effective than another in outcome prevention. Therefore, the selection of individual drugs may be based mainly on the capacity of Latin American governments to obtain the lowest prices of the different molecules manufactured by companies with high production quality standards.

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Journal of Hypertension

Título del artículo:

Co-circulation and simultaneous co-infection of dengue, chikungunya, and zika viruses in patients with febrile syndrome at the Colombian-Venezuelan border

Background: In Colombia, the dengue virus (DENV) has been endemic for decades, and with the recent entry of the chikungunya virus (CHIKV) (2014) and the Zika virus (ZIKV) (2015), health systems are overloaded because the diagnosis of these three diseases is based on clinical symptoms, and the three diseases share a symptomatology of febrile syndrome. Thus, the objective of this study was to use molecular methods to identify their co-circulation as well as the prevalence of co-infections, in a cohort of patients at the Colombian-Venezuelan border. Methods: A total of 157 serum samples from patients with febrile syndrome consistent with DENV were collected after informed consent and processed for the identification of DENV (conventional PCR and real-time PCR), CHIKV (conventional PCR), and ZIKV (real-time PCR). DENV-positive samples were serotyped, and some of those positive for DENV and CHIKV were sequenced. Results: Eighty-two patients were positive for one or more viruses: 33 (21.02%) for DENV, 47 (29.94%) for CHIKV, and 29 (18.47%) for ZIKV. The mean age range of the infected population was statistically higher in the patients infected with ZIKV (29.72 years) than in those infected with DENV or CHIKV (21.09 years). Both co-circulation and co-infection of these three viruses was found. The prevalence of DENV/CHIKV, DENV/ZIKV, and CHIKV/ZIKV co-infection was 7.64%, 6.37%, and 5.10%, with attack rates of 14.90, 12.42, and 9.93 cases per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively. Furthermore, three patients were found to be co-infected with all three viruses (prevalence of 1.91%), with an attack rate of 4.96 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate the simultaneous co-circulation of DENV, CHIKV, ZIKV and their co-infections at the Colombian-Venezuelan border. Moreover, it is necessary to improve the differential diagnosis in patients with acute febrile syndrome and to study the possible consequences of this epidemiological overview of the clinical outcomes of these diseases in endemic regions.

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BMC Infectious Diseases

Título del artículo:

New ground motion prediction equation for deep subduction earthquakes in Colombia

Two deep large earthquakes with Mw = 7.2 and 7.0 occurred in Colombia (Northern South America) in 2012 and 2013, which made evident the vast potential of damage to vulnerable towns near the epicenters. As a contribution to the update of the seismic hazard of Colombia, a preliminary evaluation of the relationship between magnitude, distance, soil type and spectral acceleration at different periods was assessed with the objective of developing prediction models for ground motions from deep subduction earthquakes in the Pacific and Western Region of Northern South America. This article presents advances in the determination of a ground motion prediction equation that uses 249 records from 19 deep subduction events with Mw > 4.9, depth larger than 70 km, hypocentral distance shorter than 500 km, located in Colombia between 0° - 6° latitude North and 79° - 75° longitude West. These ground motions, associated to the subduction of the Nazca plate in the Colombian Western region, were recorded in rock and soil sites by the National Strong Motion Network of Colombia. The residual analysis based on a global ground motion prediction model known as the BC Hydro GMPE, suggested the need for a regional ground motion prediction model that accounts for differences in hypocentral distance scaling, in order to completely explain the empirical data of the deep subduction earthquakes in the Western region of Colombia. A new model for the prediction of ROTD50 five-percent-damped spectral acceleration intensity values for intraslab subduction earthquakes is presented. The model is a regionalization of the global BC Hydro Model, from which the magnitude scaling terms are used. A regression process, including random effects, resolves the coefficients of the selected functional form, which also includes a fore/back arc, hypocentral depth, and soil terms, along with the typical regional magnitude and distance scaling terms. Analysis of the residual show an improved agreement with the recorded empirical data, hence the model is deemed appropriate to estimate ground motions from deep subduction events in Northern South America.

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11th National Conference on Earthquake Engineering 2018, NCEE 2018: Integrating Science, Engineering, and Policy

Título del artículo:

Design of a model for the comprehensive evaluation of the university teacher

Introduction: The educational quality is related to the characteristics of the teacher, axis of the creation of knowledge and motivator of the teaching and learning process. The evaluation of their performance under a comprehensive vision, allows assessing the person in three dimensions: the knowledge that recognizes him as a teacher, the fact that he recognizes him as a worker and the person who recognizes him as a person. Method: Descriptive study, where a mixed approach method with a dominant qualitative perspective was developed, with a cross-sectional field design. Phase I was developed for the design of the Comprehensive Evaluation Model for the University Professor (MEIPU) and construction of rubrics where 63 professors participated and in Phase II, 224 teachers and 489 students participated to validate rubrics that evaluate teacher performance. Results: Design of the MEIPU and application in WEB platform that facilitates the process of heteroevaluation, co-evaluation and self-evaluation of the teacher by means of the bank of rubrics that evaluate the didactic, pedagogical, communicative, socio-affective and specific professional competences that involve 43 criteria in order to determine the degree of teacher performance. Conclusions: the MEIPU was built, where the academic community participated in a consensual manner. This evaluation system allows to observe the level of performance and through reports generated by the application allows identifying weaknesses and strengths during the pedagogical practice, which leads to the design of improvement plans for teacher qualification to ensure the success of their work future.

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Revista de Pedagogia

Título del artículo:

Antimicrobial activity of Cymbopogon citratus (Poaceae) on Streptococcus mutans biofilm and its cytotoxic effects

Dental caries is a pathology of multifactorial origin and currently natural products are an efficient alternative treatment. The work sought to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the three substances (Cymbopogon citratus essential oil and the citral and myrcene components) against Streptococcus mutans ATCC UA159, as well as their cytotoxicity on keratinocytes and human fibroblasts. Through Scanning electron microscopy, the typical morphology of S. mutans was observed and, a characteristic formation of polysaccharides, with more structured arrangement at 48 h. The bacterial viability effect against S. mutans on biofilms was evaluated through exposure to the three substances by using the MBEC technique-high-throughput at concentrations of 1, 0.1, and 0.01 µg/mL and chlorhexidine as positive control. The cytotoxicity of the compounds was evaluated on keratinocytes and fibroblasts through the MTT reduction technique, using 0.5 mM H2O2 as cell-death control (negative control) and ethanol 1 % as vehicle control (positive control). The three substances evaluated had effects on the bacterial viability of S. mutans with mortality between 74 and 96 %, without significant difference among them (P > 0.393); additionally, no cytotoxicity was evident on keratinocytes and fibroblasts in a 24 h treatment. The substances evaluated showed significant antimicrobial effects; hence, these should be studied further as potential co-adjuvants to prevent dental caries that cause minor adverse effects.

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Revista de Biologia Tropical

Título del artículo:

A comparison of the isometric force fatigue-recovery profile in two posterior chain lower limb tests following simulated soccer competition

Aim: To evaluate the reliability of isometric peak force (IPF) in a novel “long-length” 90Hip:20-Knee (90:20) strength test and to compare the simulated soccer match induced fatigue-recovery profile of IPF in this test with that of an isometric 90Hip:90Knee (90:90) position test. Methods: Twenty semi-professional soccer players volunteered for the study of which 14 participated in the first part of the study which assessed 90:20 reliability (age = 21.3 ± 2.5 years, height = 1.79 ± 0.07 m, body mass = 73.2 ± 8.8 kg), while 17 completed the second part of the study evaluating fatigue-recovery (age 21.2±2.4 yrs., height = 180 ± 0.09 m, body mass 73.8 ± 8.9 kg). We evaluated the inter-session reliability of IPF in two 90:20 test protocols (hands on the wall (HW); and hands on chest (HC)) both performed on two occasions, 7 days apart. We then assessed 90:20 (HC) and 90:90 IPF immediately before (PRE) and after (POST) after a simulated soccer match protocol (BEAST90mod) and 48 (+48 h) and 72 hours (+72 h) later. Results: Part one: the 90:20 showed moderate to high overall reliability (CV\'s of 7.3% to 11.0%) across test positions and limbs. CV\'s were lower in the HW than HC in the dominant (7.3% vs 11.0%) but the opposite happened in the non-dominant limb where CV\'s were higher in the HW than HC (9.7% vs 7.3%). Based on these results, the HC position was used in part two of the study. Part two: 90:20 and 90:90 IPF was significantly lower POST compared to PRE BEAST90mod across all testing positions (p<0.001). IPF was significantly lower at +48 h compared to PRE in the 90:20 in both limbs (Dominant: p<0.01,Non-dominant: p0.05), but not in the 90:90. At +72 h, IPF was not significantly different from PRE in either test. Conclusions: Simple to implement posterior IPF tests can help to define recovery from competition and training load in football and, potentially, in other multiple sprint athletes. Testing posterior chain IPF in a more knee extended 90:20 position may provide greater sensitivity to fatigue at 48 h post simulated competition than testing in the 90:90 position, but also may require greater degree of familiarization due to more functional testing position.

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PLoS ONE

Título del artículo:

Ice cream prepared with Musa paradisiaca and probiotic improves the serum levels of calcium, iron and potassium in a children population

Malnutrition affects society, mainly children with limited resources, with low levels of minerals being the direct consequence. An explanatory research was developed, with experimental design to evaluate the effectiveness of the consumption of an ice cream of Musa paradisiaca supplemented with probiotics in a child population of Cúcuta-Colombia. From 238 schoolchildren, a sample of 33 children aged 4 to 6 years with serum deficits of Ca, Fe and K participated and they were randomly divided into two groups. For 60 days the ice cream was supplied to Group A and Group B a placebo ice cream, registering weight, height, serum levels of Ca, Fe and K before, during and after the ice cream administration. There was a significant increase (p = 0.01) in the iron and calcium levels in Group A; with no significant changes for Group B. In both groups potassium was significantly increased (p <0.05). The body weight and height of the children was increased although there were no differences (p>0.05) between both groups. The consumption of banana-based ice cream supplemented with probiotics represents an alternative to address the deficit of minerals in children.

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Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutricion

Título del artículo:

Calibration of the aquacrop model in special coffee (Coffea Arabica) crops in the sierra nevada of Santa Marta, Colombia

Background and Objective: This study proposed the application of the AquaCrop model in special coffee crops. Till now, no studies were found on the application of this model in this specific crop, which is the main contribution of this research study. In this way, the study aims to present the calibration of the variables related to type of crop, soil characteristics and management of special coffee agriculture in the Sierra Nevada of Santa Marta, Colombia. Materials and Methods: The theoretical bases considered for the present study focus on the different calibration methodologies of the AquaCrop model in different types of crops. The methodology used is based on the proposal of estimation, measurement, calculation and collection of the respective data of the model. Specifically, the project analyzed databases of climate, soil, crops and management practices. The researchers used the statistical techniques of ordinary least squares and the completion coefficient to perform the fit of the model. Results: The results of the calibration of AquaCrop for coffee (Coffea arabica) special have a coefficient of determination R 2 of 0.71 which indicates that the model is acceptable. In addition, it established a forecast of productivity with specific agroclimatic conditions. According to the calibrated model, the average temperature is the variable with the highest incidence in coffee productivity. Conclusion: The results presented in this paper contribute to the application of the AquaCrop model in coffee crops in different regions.

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Journal of Agronomy

Título del artículo:

Nutritional status and motor development in children aged 0 to 5 years of Kankuama indigenous ethnicity

Objective. To determine the relation between the motor development and the nutritional state in children of 0 to 5 years of the Kankuamo ethnic group. Materials and methods. Investigation of quantitative approach with design of analytical cross-sectional type, the population was constituted by 135 children of 0 5 children of the Kankuama ethnic group from who a no probabilistic sample by deliberate selection was obtained that fulfilled the inclusion criteria and exclusion, For the evaluation The anthropometric evaluation of the motor development was used to develop the state of the art. Results and Discussion: the collected data of the study corresponded to 135 children of the Kankuama ethnic group of who 54% corresponded to the feminine and 60% to the masculine, the ages oscillated between the 49 and 71 months with a 29.6%, in the results of a EAD the population is in the middle with a 45.2%, followed by the average group with a 27.4%, thirdly the alert group with 25.2% and single to 2.2% are in stop, as far as the nutritional state 16.3 % is in severe acute undernourishment, the 31.9 in moderate acute undernourishment, the 21.5 in acute undernourishment and a 14.1% in overweight. Conclusion. Relation between the nutritional state exists and the motor development of the children of 0 to 5 years of the Kankuama ethnic group, the statistical tests were positive for strong association, this is related to different factors between which the Kankuamo town has had cultural changes and has adopted a globalized style of life more due to the process of violence that it had to suffer, also adds the lack of education on the importance of foods, supplements and medicines to him that the boy must consume.

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Nutricion Clinica y Dietetica Hospitalaria

Título del artículo:

Blood glucose response to two intensities of physical exercise in young women during fasting

Introduction: Physical exercise in the fasting state has been a controversial topic; however, some studies have shown a greater loss of body fat and better glycemic control in those who participate in aerobic training when fasting. Aim: To evaluate the glycemic response after a session of moderate or vigorous physical exercise in young women in the state of fasting. Material and method: A randomized clinical trial was carried out. Twenty-six women (19 to 22 years old) were randomly assigned to two intervention groups. The first group was trained at an intensity of 70% of maximum heart rate (MHR) for 30 minutes, and the second group at an intensity of 90% MHR for 15 minutes. Height (cm), weight (Kg), body mass index (BMI), fat percentage, and maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) during a stress test were evaluated. Blood glucose levels were checked before and after the exercise session of each group. Results: No significant changes were found in post-exercise blood glucose levels in any experimental group, and the existing differences were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Moderate or vigorous physical exercise during fasting did not show significant variations in blood glucose, which suggests that it is safe for healthy young women to train when fasting.

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Archivos de Medicina del Deporte

Título del artículo:

Results from Colombia\'s 2018 report card on physical activity for children and youth

Acerca de la revista donde se publicó este artículo:

Journal of Physical Activity and Health